人体肠道菌群来源碳水化合物活性酶(CAZYmes)研究进展  

Research Progress on Carbohydrate Active Enzymes (CAZYmes) Derived From Human Gut Microbiota

作　　者：张浩雯 曹浩 王钰璐 辛凤姣[1] ZHANG Hao-Wen;CAO Hao;WANG Yu-Lu;XIN Feng-Jiao(Institute of Food Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2020年第7期607-625,共19页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31801475);中国博士后科学基金(2018M630230)资助项目~~。

摘　　要：肠道菌群是人体重要的代谢"器官",对人体的健康和疾病起着至关重要的作用.肠道菌群参与人体消化、免疫、神经系统调节机能的分子机理是特异性物质代谢通路在微生物与人体之间的协同耦合.酶是代谢通路中参与物质转化的基本功能单元,深入理解肠道菌群编码酶的分子催化机理将为以肠道菌群(或肠道酶)作为靶点的精准营养/医疗干预研究提供重要理论依据.特异性底物酶解研究表明,肠道菌群编码的酶系统不仅包含全部已知的碳水化合物活性酶(carbohydrateactive enzymes, CAZYmes)类,同时蕴含诸多潜在的新型CAZYmes.本文阐述CAZYmes的分类原则及催化机理,并主要从结构生物学方面综述人体肠道菌群来源的新型CAZYmes.The human gut microbiota is a metabolic organ that plays an essential role in human health and disease. The molecular mechanisms of its involvement in processes such as host food digestion, immunity and brain function are the synergistic coupling of specific metabolic pathways between microorganism and human.Enzymes are the basic functional units that involved in the transformation of substances in the metabolic pathways. An in-depth look into the catalytic mechanisms of the enzymes encoded by human gut microbiota will provide a theoretical framework for exploring the interventions of precision nutrition and medicine targeting the human gut microbiota(or intestinal enzymes). Studies on enzymatic hydrolysis of specific substrates have shown that the human gut microbiota not only encodes all known families of carbohydrate active enzymes(CAZYmes),but also contains plenty of the potentially novel CAZYmes. This paper describes the principles of classification and catalytic properties of CAZYmes, and mainly reviews the research progresses on the crystal structures of novel CAZYmes derived from the human gut microbiota.

关 键 词：肠道菌群 糖苷水解酶 糖苷转移酶 多糖裂解酶 碳水化合物酯酶 辅助氧化还原酶 

分 类 号：Q55[生物学—生物化学] Q93