拉萨市藏族小学生2014与2019年饮食行为调查  

Investigation and analysis of dietary behavior of Tibetan primary school students in Lhasa from 2014 and 2019

作　　者：王辉 沈文丽 德吉玉珍 WANG Hui;SHEN Wenli;DEGYI Yudrom(Sports Scientific Research Innovation Center,Zhengzhou Sias College,Xinzheng 451150,Henan Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]郑州西亚斯学院体育科研创新中心,河南新郑451150 [2]河南财政金融学院体育学院 [3]拉萨市拉鲁小学

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2020年第7期998-1000,1004,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：2017年河南省高等教育教学改革项目(2017SJGLX527)。

摘　　要：目的了解拉萨市2014与2019年藏族小学生的饮食行为状况,为更好地促进饮食行为改善提供支持。方法2014年采用分层随机整群抽样的方法抽取拉萨市4所小学的三至五年级1128名藏族小学生,2019年借助全国营养调查项目,再抽取拉萨市7所小学的三至五年级1214名藏族小学生进行饮食行为调查,并对结果进行比较。结果拉萨市藏族小学生2019年每天都在家吃早餐比例(10.30%)高于2014年(2.39%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=60.17,P<0.01)。2019年摄入肉类、蛋类、奶制品类食品达到推荐量的学生比例均高于2014年,差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为242.05,4.23,14.16,P值均<0.05)。2014与2019年相比,蔬菜类、水果类摄入情况构成差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为132.45,115.64,P值均<0.01),饮用最多的饮料类别和饮料摄入频率差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。结论拉萨市藏族小学生饮食行为总体得到改善,但应预防过度能量摄入带来的超重肥胖问题及含糖饮料摄入过量问题。Objective To understand the dietary behavior of Tibetan primary school students in Lhasa from 2014 to 2019,and to provide support for dietary behavior improvement.Methods In 2014 and 2019,1128 and 1214 Tibetan primary school students in Lhasa were investigated for dietary behavior,and the results were compared.Results The proportion of Tibetan primary school students in Lhasa who eat breakfast at home every day in 2019(10.30%)was significantly higher than in 2014(2.39%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ~2=60.17,P<0.01).The proportion of students who took the recommended amount of meat,eggs,and dairy products in 2019 was higher than in 2014,and the difference was statistically significant(χ~2=242.05,4.23,14.16,P<0.05).In 2014 and 2019,the difference in the proportion of intake of vegetables and fruits was statistically significant(χ~2=132.45,115.64,P<0.01).In terms of the different types of beverages that were consumed the most in 2019,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01);the intake frequencies were also significantly different(P<0.01).Conclusion The dietary behavior of Tibetan primary school students in Lhasa has generally improved,but the problems of overweight and obesity caused by excessive energy intake and excessive intake of sugary beverages deserves more attention.

关 键 词：饮食习惯 行为 健康促进 学生 少数民族 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R153.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]