低热值燃料燃烧室等离子点火特性  

Plasma ignition characteristics of micro-gas turbine combustor burning low-calorific-value fuel

作　　者：郑洪涛[1] 张志浩 刘潇 李智明[1] 杨家龙[1] ZHENG Hongtao;ZHANG Zhihao;LIU Xiao;LI Zhiming;YANG Jialong(College of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2020年第6期846-852,共7页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：黑龙江省博士后资助项目(LBH-Z18049)。

摘　　要：为了探究等离子点火较常规点火方式在低热值燃料燃烧室点火过程中的优势,本文研究了某型燃气轮机燃烧室的点火过程,确定了最优点火位置和最佳点火工况,采用非定常数值仿真技术,通过燃烧流场截面温度变化判断点火成功与否,模拟该燃烧室燃用低热值气体时的点火及火焰传播过程。结果表明:点火位置需位于负速度区且有足够浓度的可燃气才能够点火成功,通过数值模拟确定最佳点火位置为Z=50 mm、Y=25 mm附近;O等离子体的添加能够一定程度上的减小临界点火功率、临界点火持续时间和点火延迟时间;点火功率、位置、持续时间和等离子体浓度共同决定能否点火成功。对于该组分燃料,当活性粒子O的浓度达到4%时,只需要1 kW左右的点火功率就能够点火成功,较同等条件下的常规点火功率降低了90%左右。等离子点火的方式能够在低热值燃料燃烧室的点火方面有很大潜力。To investigate the advantage of plasma ignition,in this work,the ignition process of a gas turbine combustor is examined and the optimal ignition position and best ignition conditions are determined.This work aims to explore the advantages of the plasma ignition over conventional ignition in the ignition process of a low-calorific-value fuel combustor.The unsteady computational fluid dynamics technology is used to examine whether the ignition is successful or not by the change of the planar temperature contour.This work investigates the ignition and flame propagation process of the combustor burning low-calorific-value fuel.Results show that negative speed zone and sufficient concentration of combustible gas are necessary conditions for a successful ignition.Through a simulation,the optimal ignition position is in the vicinity of Z=50 mm and Y=25 mm;the addition of plasma O can reduce the ignition power,ignition position,and duration;and the ignition power,ignition position,duration,and concentration of active particles determine whether the ignition is successful.When the concentration of activated radical O reaches 4%,this fuel can be successfully ignited at 1 kW,which is approximately 90%lower than the conventional ignition power under the same condition.The plasma ignition pattern has a great potential in the ignition of low-calorific-value fuel combustors.

关 键 词：燃气轮机 燃烧室 低热值燃料 等离子体 点火能量 点火位置 点火时间 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TK16[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]