镉低积累水稻资源的镉积累稳定性及遗传相似性分析  

Stability of Cadmium Accumulation and Genetic Similarity Analysis in Low-accumulation Rice Resources

作　　者：赵文锦 黎用朝 李小湘[1,2,3] 潘孝武 刘文强[1,2,3] 熊海波 董铮[2,3] 魏秀彩 刘利成[2,3] 刘三雄 闵军 段永红 余亚莹[2,3] 盛新年 ZHAO Wen-jin;LI Yong-chao;LI Xiao-xiang;PAN Xiao-wu;LIU Wen-qiang;XIONG Hai-bo;DONG Zheng;WEI Xiu-cai;LIU Li-cheng;LIU San-xiong;MIN Jun;DUAN Yong-hong;YU Ya-ying;SHENG Xin-nian(Long Ping Branch,Graduate School of Hunan University,Changsha 410125;Rice Research Institute,Hunan Academy of Agriculture Science,Changsha 410125;Key Laboratory of Indica Rice Genetics and Breeding in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River Valley,Ministry of Agriculture,P.R.China,Changsha 410125)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学研究生院隆平分院,长沙410125 [2]湖南省农业科学院水稻研究所,长沙410125 [3]农业部长江中下游籼稻遗传育种重点实验室,长沙410125

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2020年第4期819-826,共8页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：国家和湖南省财政专项镉低积累水稻品种选育;“十三五”国家重点研发项目(2016YFD0100101-12)。

摘　　要：以9311为高镉对照,湘晚籼12号为相邻低镉对照,2014-2017年经田间鉴定筛选出的15份镉低积累水稻资源为参试材料,鉴定精米的相对降镉率并筛选出年度间相对降镉率差异不显著的资源;采用45对SSR引物检测15份资源的遗传多样性,提出遗传距离大且相对降镉率高的育种可用资源。2018年试验结果表明,15份低镉水稻资源的精米镉含量都低于湘晚籼12号,相对降镉率大于50%的有10份,变幅为50.8%~83.5%;小于50%的有5份,变幅为1.9%~49.8%;2019年试验结果表明,7份生育期相近的资源,相对降镉率都大于50%,变幅为60.1%~78.7%;2年试验结果的综合分析表明,4份低镉资源BS82、X211、7W172、7W216的镉积累在年度间无显著性差异,且相对降镉率都在50%以上。15份镉低积累资源总体遗传多样性较为丰富(Na=4.311、Ne=3.257、Ho=0.041、He=0.657、I=1.207、Nei′s=0.639、PIC=0.612);遗传相似系数(GS)的平均值为0.377,BS82和X211、BS82和7W172(7W216)、X211和7W172(7W216)的遗传相似系数分别为0.319、0.447、0.426,表明亲缘关系较远。由上说明BS82、X211、7W172、7W216是镉低积累新品种选育的可利用的宝贵资源。With rice variety(cv.)9311 as the high-Cd control and cv. Xianwanxian 12 as the adjacent lowCd control,we investigated the cadmium accumulation of 15 Cd low-accumulating rice germplasm resources from 2014 to 2017 and identified the relative Cd-reduction rate of polished rice and screened the resources with no significant difference in the annual relative Cd-reduction rate. In addition,45 SSR markers were used to detect the genetic diversity of 15 rice accessions,in order to identify the resources available for breeding with a great genetic distance and high relative Cd-reduction rate. The results showed that in 2018,Cd content in 15 low-Cd polished rice was lower than cv. Xianwanxian 12. Ten samples represented relative Cd-reduction rate of more than 50%,ranging from 50.8% to 83.5%,while 5 samples were less than 50%,ranging from 1.9% to 49.8%. In 2019,the relative Cd-reduction rate in 7 rice samples with similar growth period was higher than 50%,variable from 60.1% to 78.7%. Based on the two-year test results,no significant difference was found among four low-Cd rice samples BS82,X211,7 W172,7 W216,and the relative Cd-reduction rate was higher than 50%. The overall genetic diversity in 15 low Cd-accumulating rice population indicated relatively abundant(Na=4.311,Ne=3.257,Ho=0.041,He=0.657,I=1.207,Nei ′s=0.639,PIC=0.612). The mean genetic similarity(GS)was 0.377,suggesting distant genetic relationship. For examples,the GS in pairs of samples BS82 and X211,samples BS82 and 7 W172(7 W216)as well as samples X211 and 7 W172(7 W216)were 0.319,0.447 and 0.426,respectively. Therefore,four rice germplasm resources BS82、X211、7 W172、7 W216 are available in future breeding for new varieties with low Cd-accumulation.

关 键 词：镉低积累 水稻 鉴定 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S511[农业科学—作物学]