跨临界CO2汽车空调多PID控制动态性能仿真研究  

Dynamic Simulation of PID Control in Transcritical CO2 Automobile Air Conditioning System

作　　者：王静[1] 孙西峰 方健珉 殷翔[1] 曹锋[1] WANG Jing;SUN Xifeng;FANG Jianmin;YIN Xiang;CAO Feng(School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;Technology Center of Dongfeng Motor Co. Ltd., Wuhan 430056, China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,西安710049 [2]东风汽车有限公司技术中心,武汉430056

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2020年第8期168-176,共9页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51976153);国家科技重大专项资助项目(2017-Ⅲ-0010-0036)。

摘　　要：为了研究出一种高效的汽车空调控制逻辑系统,借助GT-SUITE仿真软件,建立了跨临界CO2空调动态仿真模型,以节流阀开度、压缩机转速、风机转速为被控参数,以排气压力、送风温度和车厢温度为目标参数,研究了多PID控制的启动顺序和启动延迟时长对系统动态响应性能的影响,并研究了环境温度和车速随时间变化的动态工况下系统的动态响应特性。结果表明:排气压力—送风温度—车厢温度的启动顺序可以提高动态响应性能,使排气压力和送风温度的稳定时间分别缩短75%和38.9%,节流阀开度、压缩机转速、风机转速的波动范围分别减小85%、50%和63.3%;3个PID控制器依次延时40 s启动时压缩机和风机转速的波动范围相比其他延时控制分别下降50%和63.3%,即提升了控制系统的稳定性;在环境温度和车速随时间发生变化的过程中,PID控制响应迅速,控制目标参数的实时值稳定性高。本文提出的控制方式高效稳定,可为实际空调工程的控制设计提供参考。A GT-SUITE simulation software is used to establish a transcritical CO2 air conditioning dynamic simulation model and to find efficient control logic of automobile air conditioning.The opening of throttle,compressor speed and fan speed are taken as controlled parameter;the discharge pressure supply air temperature and cabin temperature are taken as target parameter.The influence of the startup sequence and delay time on the dynamic response performance is studied.In addition,the dynamic control response characteristics under variable ambient temperature and vehicle speeds are explored.Results and comparisons with other sequences show that proper start sequence improves dynamic response performance,and the sequence with discharge pressure-supply air temperature-cabin temperature lead the stabilization times of the discharge pressure and the air temperature to be shortened by 75%and 38.9%,respectively;and the ranges of opening of throttle,compressor speed,fan speed reduced by 85%,50%and 63.3%,respectively.When the three PID controllers delay their start time at 40 s successively,the range of the compressor and fan speeds are reduced by 50%and 63.3%,that is delayed start control logic improves the stability of the control system.The PID control response is timely and the real-time values of the control target parameters do not have any fluctuation during the changes of ambient temperature and vehicle speed.Therefore,the proposed control method is efficient and stable,and it could provide important reference for the control design of actual air conditioning project.

关 键 词：二氧化碳 比例积分微分控制 汽车空调 动态仿真 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]