中小学教师慢性咽喉炎的职业危险因素及预防对策  

Occupational risk factors and preventive measures of chronic pharyngitis of teachers in primary and secondary schools

作　　者：吴金丽 黄海燕[1] 魏欣[1] 符浩[1] 王清华[1] WU Jin-li;HUANG Hai-yan;WEI Xin;FU Hao;WANG Qing-hua(Hainan General Hospital Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University,Haikou 570311,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省人民医院海南医学院附属海南医院,海南海口570311

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2020年第4期277-279,共3页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的调查中小学教师慢性咽喉炎发病的职业相关因素并探讨其预防对策。方法抽取某市中小学教师200名进行问卷调查,统计慢性咽喉炎发病情况及其职业相关危险因素,分析防护对策。结果共发放调查问卷200份,有效回收197份,有效回收率为98.50%。其中,共计65例患慢性咽喉炎,患病率为32.99%。经单因素分析及进一步logistic回归分析显示,年龄、吸烟、饮酒、辛辣饮食、负性情绪、上感史、周授课频率是慢性咽喉炎发病的独立危险因素;睡眠时间、锻炼频率、多媒体教学、科学用嗓是保护性因素(P<0.05)。结论中小学教师具有较高的慢性咽喉炎发病风险,与职业危险因素有关,针对性地进行健康教育并保证充分休息、适度锻炼、使用科学发声等对疾病预防具有积极意义。Objective To investigate the occupational factors related to chronic pharyngitis among teachers in primary and secondary schools and explore the preventive measures.Methods A total of 200 teachers from primary and secondary schools in a city were selected for a questionnaire survey,the prevalence of chronic pharyngitis and its occupational risk factors and its protective measures were y analyzed.Results A total of 200questionnaires were issued and 197were effectively recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 98.50%.Among them,a total of 65cases of chronic pharyngitis,the prevalence rate was 32.99%.Univariate analysis and further logistic regression analysis showed that age,smoking,alcohol drinking,spicy diet,negative mood,sensory history and weekly teaching frequency were independent risk factors for the onset of chronic pharyngitis.Sleep duration,exercise frequency,using multimedia teaching and scientific voice were protective factors(P<0.05).Conclusions Primary and secondary school teachers have a high risk of chronic pharyngitis,which is related to occupational risk factors.Therefore,targeted health education and adequate rest,moderate exercise and scientific vocalization are of positive significance for disease prevention.

关 键 词：教师 慢性咽喉炎 职业因素 预防对策 

分 类 号：R135.99[医药卫生—劳动卫生]