减源对小麦叶绿素·光合速率及穗部性状的影响  

Effects of Source Reduction on Chlorophyll Photosynthetic Rate and Panicle Traits of Wheat

作　　者：张先平[1] 梁秋霞[1] 郝兴顺 白立华[1] 李云[1] 尹素芬[1] 李小安[1] 杨利群[1] 饶建国 李荷娟 ZHANG Xian-ping;LIANG Qiu-xia;HAO Xing-shun(Agricultural Institute of Hanzhong City,Hanzhong,Shaanxi 723000)

机构地区：[1]陕西省汉中市农业科学研究所,陕西汉中723000 [2]汉中路街道办事处,陕西汉中723000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第15期55-57,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(No.S2015TNNY0021)。

摘　　要：选取汉中不同类型小麦品种为材料,通过人工加压减源处理,分别在花后6、25 d测定叶绿素含量,处理后开花前期6 d,3种类型小麦旗叶的叶绿素含量最高,但在去倒三叶与去旗叶处理下,出现了开花前期6 d时,有去旗叶叶绿素含量大于去倒三叶处理,但花后25 d时,出现去倒三叶处理叶绿素含量大于去旗叶处理;减源处理后,花后期即灌浆期,大穗型及多穗型品种叶源原初光能转化效率比中间型高,不同减源处理对粒重的影响表现各异,大穗型品种降幅最为明显,以中间型品种最为稳定;因此在选育新品种时,在形态上要优先考虑中间型品种,其次为大穗型、多穗型品种,而且在该生态气候条件下,要稳产应适度扩大中间型品种的种植面积,大穗型品种要获得高产,应保证穗数来弥补减源导致的同化产物供应不足引发的粒重下降问题。单个指标不能体现品种的特征特性,因此该试验的结论不能作为推荐的充分指标,还要结合其他指标综合考虑。Local different types of wheat varieties were selected as the materials,through artificial pressure reduction and source reduction treatment,chlorophyll content were detected at 6 and 25 d after flowering,it was found that the chlorophyll content of the flag leaf of the three types of wheat was the highest after 6 d of flowering,but it appeared in the chlorophyll content under T2 and T3 treatments.At 6 d before flowering,chlorophyll content in T3 was higher than that in T2,but at 25 d after flowering,chlorophyll content in T2 treatment was greater than T3 treatment;after reduction treatment,the late flowering stage was the filling stage,and the big ear varieties and multiple-ear varieties leaf source primary light energy,the transformation efficiency was higher than that of the intermediate varieties.Different reduction treatments showed no obvious effect on the panicle traits,but the effects on grain weight were different.The big ear varieties showed the most obvious decline,and the intermediate varieties were the most stable;therefore,the new varieties were selected,in the case of morphological priority,intermediate varieties should be given priority,followed by big ear varieties and multiple-ear varieties.Under the ecological climate condition,in order to obtain high yield of big ear varieties,it is necessary to ensure the appropriate number of ears.To compensate for the problem of falling grain weight caused by insufficient supply of assimilation products caused by source reduction,individual indexes can not reflect the characteristics of varieties.Therefore,the conclusion of this experiment could not be used as the recommended sufficient index,but must be considered in combination with other indexes.

关 键 词：减源 小麦 叶绿素 光合速率 穗部性状 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]