杨官寨遗址仰韶文化中晚期古环境研究  

Palaeo-environments during the Middle to Late Yangshao Periods at the Yangguanzhai Site

作　　者：朱晗 杨颖[3] 杨利平 王炜林 张云翔[3] 岳乐平[3] 王建新 Zhu Han;Yang Ying;Yang Liping

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学,北京 [2]西北大学文博学院 [3]西北大学地质系 [4]陕西省考古研究院 [5]山西大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《考古与文物》2020年第3期112-118,共7页Archaeology and Cultural Relics

摘　　要：为揭示杨官寨遗址仰韶文化中晚期文化与环境的关系,我们对遗址区实测剖面进行沉积物磁化率强度、孢粉等分析研究,表明自距今6000年,受全新世以来陕西关中地区东亚季风气候变化控制,杨官寨遗址古气候呈现温暖湿润与干旱寒凉相互交替的特征。距今6000年到5400年,该地古气候温暖湿润,宜于植被生长,以农业种植与畜牧业为主,为庙底沟文化大型环壕聚落的出现提供了有利基础;距今5400年左右,古气候出现短暂的降温期,呈现干燥低温特征,受此影响,杨官寨遗址聚落规模大幅萎缩。出现了以半坡四期文化,古气候呈现由冷转暖、降温、暖湿、较冷四个阶段的特征。In order to investigate the relationship between the Middle-Late Yangshao cultures and the environment at the Yangguanzhai site,this paper presented the results of magnetic susceptibility and pollen study at the site.The results suggest that the climatic system in the Guanzhong basin was dominated by the East Asian Monsoon since 6,000 B.P.The palaeo-environment reconstruction shows a repeated alteration between warm-wet and dry-cold climate conditions occurred the site.Between 6,000 and 5,400 B.P.,the warm-wet climate condition was optimal for vegetation growth.As a result,the subsistence economies were based upon agriculture and animal husbandry,which eventually laid down an important environmental foundation for the emergence of the large-scale moated settlement during the Miaodigou culture.But starting from 5,400 B.P.,there was a temporary cooling event characterized by a return to the dry and cold climate condition.The climatic event might have led to the significant decrease at the settlement size of Yangguanzhai.Thus,the palaeoenvironmental changes could be characterized by four major phases,namely changing from cold to warm,temperature decrease,warm-wet,and relatively cold,during the entire Forth-phase of the Banpo culture.

关 键 词：杨官寨遗址 仰韶文化 古环境 古人类文化与环境演变 

分 类 号：P532[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] K878[天文地球—地质学]