焦虑抑郁障碍诊疗的十项关键技术  

Ten Key Techniques for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Anxiety and Depressive Disorder

作　　者：周波[1] 吴爱勤[2] ZHOU Bo;WU Aiqin(Department of Psychosomatic Medicine,Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences·Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital,Chengdu 610072,China;Department of Psychiatry,the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Suzhou 215006,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院心身医学中心,四川省成都市610072 [2]苏州大学附属第一医院精神医学科,浙江省苏州市215006

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2020年第32期4023-4026,共4页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0113907)。

摘　　要：焦虑抑郁障碍患病率高,患者常以躯体症状为主诉就诊,非精神专科医生通常对该类患者识别困难、沟通困难,且该类患者治疗依从性差、疗效差、满意度低,给接诊医生带来很大困惑。本文就上述特点总结出焦虑抑郁障碍诊治的10项关键技术,包括问诊技巧、倾听技术、转换话题技术、共情技术、巧用量表辅助诊治、躯体症状的二次归因、符合患者文化背景的诊断名称、用药技巧、快捷有效的心理治疗技术、转介。以期为非精神专科医生对焦虑抑郁障碍的诊疗提供借鉴和参考。The prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorder is high.But these patients often visit doctors mainly due to body symptoms,which leads to the difficulty in identifying,and communicating with them for non-psychiatrists.Moreover,poor adherence to treatment,treatment response and treatment satisfaction of these patients have brought more challenges to the encountering doctor.To address the aforementioned challenges,we summarized 10 key techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety and depressive disorder,including consultation techniques,listening techniques,topic-shifting techniques,empathy techniques,appropriate use of scale-assisted diagnosis and treatment,secondary attribution of physical symptoms,understandable diagnosis based on patients'cultural background,medication techniques,rapid and effective psychotherapy techniques,and referral.Hoping to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety and depressive disorder for nonpsychiatrists.

关 键 词：焦虑 抑郁 心理生理性障碍 诊断 治疗 

分 类 号：R749.92[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]