演说术与教育——从西塞罗、昆体良看古罗马教育品质之变  

Oratory and Education:The Changed Character of Rome's Education in Cicero and Quintilian

作　　者：王双洪[1] WANG Shuanghong

机构地区：[1]北京社会科学院哲学所,北京100101

出　　处：《外国语文》2020年第3期8-13,共6页Foreign Languages and Literature

摘　　要：西塞罗和昆体良是古罗马文教思想的奠立者。比较西塞罗的《论演说家》和昆体良《演说家的教育》,可以看出古罗马教育品质的变化。西塞罗的《论演说家》培养的是合演说家、哲人、政治家一体的完美演说家,昆体良的《演说家的教育》中的完美演说家是精通演说的好人。西塞罗旨在通过演说家的教育来形塑罗马自己的思想传统,昆体良虽然也欲通过对德性的重视来匡救时弊,但重点却放在探讨教育过程中的各种细节问题。究其原因,西塞罗面临的挑战是在希腊罗马文化的张力中接续罗马传统,而昆体良的主要问题则是在传统日渐败坏的帝国重振罗马古风。Cicero and Quintilian are both the founders of the ideology of culture and education in ancient Rome. The difference between Cicero's De Orator and Quintilian's Institutio Oratoria shows the change in the education of ancient Rome. Cicero's De Orator points out the perfect orator is the trinity of orator, philosopher and politician. Quintilian's Institutio Oratoria indicates the perfect orator is a good man who is good at oration. Cicero wants to mould the Rome's own tradition through the education of orator. Although Quintilian pays attention to the morality of orator, he focuses on the details of the arts of the orator. His purpose is to educate orator and save Rome. The challenge Cicero faces is to form a new Rome tradition in the tension between Greece and Rome, the problem Quintilian wants to solve is to restore ancient customs in corrupted Roman Empire.

关 键 词：西塞罗 昆体良 演说家 教育 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]