基本焦虑与人格异化——论菲利普斯的《成功之神》  

Basic Anxiety and Personality Alienation: A Study of David Graham Phillips's The Great God Success

作　　者：庞好农 PANG Haonong

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学外国文学文化研究中心,广东广州510420

出　　处：《外国语文》2020年第3期33-38,共6页Foreign Languages and Literature

摘　　要：菲利普斯在《成功之神》中描写了美国"揭丑运动"中新闻从业人员的人生奋斗之路,从婚恋焦虑、人际关系焦虑和地位焦虑揭露了基本焦虑对人格异化的重要影响,表明社会各阶层的婚恋焦虑会扭曲人的心灵,展现了婚恋唯我观的自私性和非理性。菲利普斯笔下的人际关系焦虑表现为对他人行为的过分敏感,引起人际关系的恶化。地位焦虑的敏感性和无休止性给人带来难以消解的烦恼和不安,揭示了伦理颠覆与人格本真博弈中的神经质困境。该小说所涉及的基本焦虑问题折射出20世纪初美国经济高速发展时期的社会精神面貌和伦理状况,反映了现代人基本焦虑中的生存窘境。In The Great God Success, David Graham Phillips depicts the struggling path of American journalists in the Muckraking Movement, disclosing the internal correlation between basic anxiety and humanity alienation from the aspects of marriage anxiety, interpersonal anxiety and status anxiety, and demonstrates that the marriage anxiety in different social strata might distort human souls, revealing the selfishness and unreasonableness of the solipsism in marriage. The interpersonal anxiety in this work finds expression in the oversensation of other's behaviors which result in the worsening of mutual relation. The status anxiety might fall into the new greater and deeper anxiety and conflicts, unveiling the neurotic dilemma caused in the struggle between the ethical reversal and true personality. The problem of basic anxiety in this novel demonstrates the social pathos and ethical conditions of the highly developed American in the early 20th century and the existential plight of modern people in basic anxiety.

关 键 词：《成功之神》 戴维·格雷厄姆·菲利普斯 基本焦虑 人格异化 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]