海南红树林沉积物中多环芳烃降解菌群组成及降解率的比较研究  

Comparative Study on the Degradation Rates of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon(PAHs)Degradation Bacteria in Mangrove Sediments in Hainan

作　　者：龚莹 王海花[1,2] 马思远 林雨彬 刁晓平[2,3] GONG Ying;WANG Haihua;MA Siyuan;LIN Yubin;DIAO Xiaoping(College of Ecology and Environment,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea/Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;School of Biology,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学环境与生态学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南大学南海海洋资源利用国家重点实验室,海南海口570228 [3]海南师范大学生命科学学院,海南海口571158

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2020年第5期1005-1013,共9页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：(中华人民共和国科学技术部)科技基础资源调查专项(ZDYF2018122);海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2018122);海口市重点科技计划项目(2017052)。

摘　　要：已有研究证明能从有PAHs污染的区域筛选相应的降解菌,海南红树林存在PAHs污染,但少有研究从海南红树林沉积物中筛选PAHs降解菌。文章的研究目的是从海南不同红树林分布区的沉积物中筛选PAHs的降解菌群比较PAHs的降解菌群降解特征,并阐明菌群降解率和菌群结构之间的关系,为环境中PAHs污染区域修复提供理论依据。通过采集海南不同红树林中24个样点的沉积物,以菲、芘、苯并(a)芘3种PAHs为混合碳源,富集培养降解菌群,用HPLC测定菌群降解率,以传统分离培养的方法比较菌群组成差异。所有样点筛得的群对3种底物的平均降解效率为菲(3-环)>芘(4-环)>苯并(a)芘(5-环)。由贪噬菌属和剑菌属组成的菌群Q15,对菲的降解率达到95.3%,由伯克氏菌属、鞘脂单胞菌属组成的菌群Q12对芘降解率为94%,仅有申氏菌属的菌群Q9,对苯并(a)芘降解率为49.7%。所有样点共筛得23个属60个种的降解菌,除两株为厚壁菌门外,其他均为变形菌门。其中变形菌门中菌DAC9的16S rRNA序列与最相近的菌株序列一致性为97%,可能是潜在新菌。结果表明,红树林沉积物中富集培养的PAHs降解菌群对3种底物的降解效率存在差异,其中中低环PAHs更易被降解。不同的菌属组合对PAHs的降解能力不同。并从沉积物中筛选出了一株潜在新菌。Studies have proved that the corresponding degrading bacteria can be screened from PAHs pollution area.Hainan mangrove has PAHs pollution,but few studies have screened PAHs degrading bacteria from mangrove sediments in Hainan.The degradation characteristics of PAHs were compared by screening the degraded bacteria of PAHs from the sediments of different mangrove distribution areas in Hainan,and the relationship between the degradation rate of the bacteria and the composition of the bacteria was clarified,so as to provide theoretical basis for the restoration of PAHs contaminated areas in the environment.Sediments from 24 sites in different mangroves in Hainan mangroves areas were collected,and phenanthrene,pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene were used as mixed carbon sources to enrich and culture the degraded bacteria.The degradation rate of the bacteria was calculated by using HPLC.The average degradation efficiency of PAHs was phenanthrene(3-ring)>pyrene(4-ring)>benzo(a)pyrene(5-ring).The degradation rate of phenanthrene was up to 95.3% for bacteria Q15,which was composed of phagocystis and silioides,94% for pyrene of bacteria Q12,and 49.7% for pyrene of bacteria Q9,respectively.A total of 23 genera and 60 strains of degrading bacteria were screened from different sampling sites,and most of bacteria strains were proteobacteria except for two firmicutes.The 16S rRNA sequence of bacteria in proteobacteria was 97% consistent with that of the closest strain,which may be potential new bacteria strains.The degradation efficiencies of PAHs degraded bacteria from Hainan mangrove sediments were different,among which middle and low cyclic PAHs were more easily degraded.The degradation ability of PAHs was also different in different bacterial combinations.A potential new strain could be found from Hainan mangrove sediments.

关 键 词：红树林沉积物 PAHS 降解菌 降解率 菌群结构 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]