甜玉米茎秆强度性状的主基因+多基因遗传分析  

Mixed major genes and polygenes inheritance analyses for stem strength traits of sweet corn

作　　者：刘鹏飞 周富亮 梁思维 蒋锋 LIU Pengfei;ZHOU Fuliang;LIANG Siwei;JIANG Feng(College of Agriculture and Biology,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510225,China)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院农业与生物学院,广东广州510225

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第9期64-72,88,共10页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2018B020202013);广东省教育厅特色创新项目(2016KTSCX061);广东省农业厅种业提升项目(粤财农[2014]492号)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究甜玉米茎秆强度性状的遗传模型,为甜玉米抗倒伏育种提供理论依据。【方法】以2个茎秆强度差异较大的自交系T49(抗倒伏)和T56(易倒伏)为亲本配制杂交组合,用“主基因+多基因混合遗传模型”分析方法对甜玉米茎秆强度性状进行分析。【结果】茎秆穿刺强度最佳遗传模型为D-0(1对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因混合遗传模型),BC 1、BC 2、F 2主基因遗传率分别为74.07%,45.30%,57.78%;茎秆抗压强度最佳遗传模型为E-0(2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因混合遗传模型),BC 1、BC 2、F 2主基因遗传率分别为44.15%,40.83%,62.97%;茎秆弯折性能最佳遗传模型为E-0(2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因混合遗传模型),BC 1、BC 2、F 2主基因遗传率分别为69.79%,40.89%,89.46%,3个性状均以主基因遗传为主。【结论】在育种实践中,对早期世代可进行玉米抗倒伏性遗传改良和选择,同时注意一定的环境因素,采用聚合回交或轮回选择来累积微效基因以提高育种效率。【Objective】The genetic model of stem strength traits of sweet corn was studied to provide basis for lodging resistance breeding.【Method】A joint analysis of six generations of T49×T56 cross was performed using the mode of major genes and polygenes mixed inheritance.【Result】The best genetic model of stem puncture strength was D-0(one major gene with additive-dominant effect and polygene with additive-dominant-epistatic effect),and the major gene heritability rates of BC 1,BC 2,and F 2 were 74.07%,45.30%,and 57.78%,respectively.The best genetic model of stem compressive strength was E-0(two major genes with additive-dominant-epistatic effect and polygene with additive-dominant-epistatic effect),and the major gene heritability rates of BC 1,BC 2,and F 2 were 44.15%,40.83%,and 62.97%,respectively.The best genetic model of stem bending ability was E-0(two major genes with additive-dominant-epistatic effect and polygene with additive-dominant-epistatic effect),and the major gene heritability rates of BC 1,BC 2,and F 2 were 69.79%,40.89%,and 89.46%,respectively.【Conclusion】The puncture strength,compressive strength and bending ability of maize stem were mainly inherited by major genes.This result can be used as a reference for breeding lodging-resistant sweet corn varieties.

关 键 词：甜玉米 茎秆强度 主基因+多基因遗传模型 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]