河岸人工林缓冲带对径流水磷素的截留效果  

Effects of riparian plantation buffer strips on phosphorus interception in runoff water

作　　者：査晶晶 吴永波[1] 茆安敏 朱颖[1] 李文霞[1] 杨静[1] ZHA Jingjing;WU Yongbo;MAO Anmin;ZHU Ying;LI Wenxia;YANG Jing(Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学,南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2020年第4期639-645,共7页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502704);国家林业局引进国际先进林业科学技术计划项目(2013-4-63)。

摘　　要：【目的】含磷等农业面源污染物的大量排放,已成为太湖水体富营养化的主要原因之一。河岸植被缓冲带能通过吸收、截留,减少面源污染物进入水体。在平缓坡地上构建适宜的河岸植被缓冲带,研究河岸植被缓冲带对磷的截留效率,为减缓太湖农业面源污染提供科学依据。【方法】以太湖河岸人工林缓冲带为研究对象,分析缓冲带在不同宽度(15、30、40 m)、不同林分密度(400、1 000、1 600株·hm^-2)、不同植物组成(‘南林95’杨Populus×euramericana‘Nanlin 95’林、中山杉Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan’林、‘南林95’杨-中山杉混交林)以及不同林龄(3、4、5、6 a)方面对径流水中总磷和可溶性磷截留效果的差异,确定适宜的人工林缓冲带结构。【结果】30 m宽的河岸缓冲带可很好地截留径流水中磷素,总磷截留率在30 m处最高,为77.30%,缓冲带对可溶性磷的截留率随宽度增加而提高,截留率在不同宽度间差异不显著(P>0.05);对径流水中总磷和可溶性磷截留效果较好的河岸缓冲带的林分密度为1 000株·hm^-2,截留率分别为84.29%和93.25%;杨树林缓冲带对径流水中总磷的截留率较高,达82.37%,中山杉林缓冲带对可溶性磷截留率略高于杨树林,不同植物组成缓冲带对可溶性磷的截留效果差异不显著(P>0.05),河岸缓冲带对径流水中可溶性磷的截留效果较总磷好;随林龄增加,缓冲带对径流水中磷的截留率呈上升趋势(P<0.01),5年生时截留率最高。【结论】30 m宽的河岸缓冲带基本能满足截污需求,且杨树林缓冲带截留污染物效果较好。缓冲带在林龄较小时截留磷能力较强。图5表1参40。[Objective]The discharge of agricultural non-point source pollutants such as phosphorus has become one of the major causes for the eutrophication in Taihu Lake.Riparian vegetation buffer strips can reduce non-point source pollution from agricultural area into water through absorption and interception.The riparian vegetation strips were built on gentle slopes to study the efficiency of retaining phosphorus so as to provide a scientific basis for mitigating the pollution of agricultural non-point sources in Taihu Lake.[Method]Taking the buffer strip of plantation along the bank of Taihu Lake as the research object,the interception effects of riparian plantation buffer strips with different widths(15,30,40 m),densities(400,1000,1600 trees·hm^-2),plantation types(Populus×euramericana‘Nanlin 95’plantation,Taxodium hybrid‘Zhongshanshan’plantation and‘Nanlin 95’-‘Zhongshanshan’mixed plantation)and ages(3,4,5,6 a)on total phosphorus(TP)and dissolved phosphorus(DP)in surface runoff water were studied to determine the suitable structure of vegetation buffer strips.[Result]The 30 m wide buffer strips had the optimal effect on intercepting phosphorus in runoff water,and the TP interception rate was the highest at 30 m,77.30%.The interception rate of DP increased with the increase of buffer strips width but there existed no significant difference between different widths of buffer strips in terms of DP interception rate(P>0.05).The stand density of riparian buffer strip with good interception effect on TP and DP in runoff water was 1000 trees·hm-2,and the interception rate was 84.29%and 93.25%,respectively.The‘Nanlin 95’plantation could intercept 82.37%TP in runoff water while the interception rate of‘Nanlin 95’-‘Zhongshanshan’,the mixed plantation on DP was a little higher than that of‘Nanlin 95’plantation,but the interception rate of DP in the buffer strips of different plant compositions was not significant different(P>0.05).The effect of buffer strips on interception of DP in runoff wate

关 键 词：河岸植被缓冲带 植被配置 磷截留 林龄 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]