3种常绿树挥发物成分对空气负离子及微生物的影响  

Effects of volatile components of three evergreen plants on air anion and microorganism

作　　者：赵亚红 徐翠霞[2] 马玲 王彬[1] 韦赛君 吕嘉欣 高岩[1] 张汝民[1] ZHAO Yahong;XU Cuixia;MA Ling;WANG Bin;WEI Saijun;Lü Jiaxin;GAO Yan;ZHANG Rumin(School of Forestry and Biotechnology,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,Zhejiang,China;Zhejiang Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 310023,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院,浙江杭州311300 [2]浙江省林业科学研究院,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2020年第4期654-663,共10页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：浙江省省院合作资助项目(2018SY07);国家自然科学基金资助项目(31470704)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究3种常绿植物挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)抑制空气微生物和净化空气的作用。【方法】采用热脱附/气相色谱/质谱技术,对杨梅Myrica rubra、青梅Vatica mangachapoi、茶Camellia sinensis单株以及空旷地VOCs组成和含量进行了分析,采用自然沉降法研究了VOCs对空气微生物的影响,同时测定了空气负离子数。【结果】杨梅VOCs主要成分有α-草烯、香芹醇、罗勒烯、柠檬烯、壬醛等,萜烯类化合物占总量的78.5%;青梅VOCs主要成分有乙酸叶醇酯、丁酸辛酯、顺式-3-己烯醇、松香芹酮、壬醛、癸醛、辛醛,酯类化合物占总量的54.1%;茶VOCs主要成分有乙酸叶醇酯、丁酸辛酯、水杨酸甲酯、壬醛、癸醛、柠檬烯等,酯类化合物占总量的40.8%。空旷地主要成分为苯类物质,占总量的74.2%;杨梅园内苯类占总量的54.8%,萜烯类占总量的35.6%;青梅园内苯类占总量的35.4%,萜烯类占总量的52.2%;茶园内苯类占总量的50.1%,萜烯类占总量的36.5%。杨梅园、青梅园、茶园、空旷地空气负离子日平均数分别为2 559.2、2 660.0、1 878.4、1 078.8个·cm^-3。杨梅园、青梅园和茶园细菌日平均抑制率分别为45.5%、48.7%和39.3%;真菌日平均抑制率分别为39.0%、35.8%和34.6%;放线菌日平均抑制率分别为42.3%、42.2%和39.7%。【结论】植物VOCs对空气微生物的生长有抑制作用,同时具有促进空气负离子形成和改善空气质量的作用。图5表2参38。[Objective]The objective is to study the effects of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)from three evergreen plants on air microorganism inhibition and air purification.[Method]The composition and content of VOCs in Myrica rubra,Vatica mangachapoi,Camellia sinensis in single tree and open field were analyzed using thermal desorption system/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(TDS-GC-MS)technique.The effect of VOCs on airborne microorganism was investigated by natural sedimentation method,and the number of air anion was measured.[Result]The main VOCs of M.rubra wereα-oxalene,parsley alcohol,rolene,limonene and nonaldehyde,in which terpenes accounted for 78.5%of the total.The main VOCs of V.mangachapoi were acetyl acetate,octyl butyrate,cis-3-hexenol,pinocarvone,nonanal,decanal,and octanal,in which ester compounds accounted for 54.1%of the total.Acetyl acetate,octyl butyrate,methyl salicylate,nonanal,decanal,limonene were the main VOCs of C.sinensis,and ester compounds accounted for 40.8%of the total.The VOCs in open space were benzene,accounting for 74.2%of the total.The VOCs in M.rubra garden were benzene and terpene,accounting for 54.8%and 35.6%,respectively.The VOCs in V.mangachapoi garden were benzene and terpene,accounting for 35.4%and 52.2%,respectively.The VOCs in C.sinensis garden were benzene and terpene,accounting for 50.1%and 36.5%,respectively.The daily average number of air anion in M.rubra garden,V.mangachapoi garden,C.sinensis garden,and the open space was 2559.2,2660.0,1878.4,1078.8 per cubic centimeter,respectively.In M.rubra garden,V.mangachapoi garden,and C.sinensis garden,daily average bacterial inhibition rate was 45.5%,48.7%and 39.3%,respectively,daily average inhibition rate of fungi was 39.0%,35.8%and 34.6%,respectively,and that of actinomycetes was 42.3%,42.2%and 39.7%,respectively.[Conclusion]Plant VOCs can inhibit the growth of airborne microorganism,promote the formation air anion and improve the air quality.[Ch,5 fig.2 tab.38 ref.]

关 键 词：植物学 杨梅 青梅 茶 挥发性有机物 空气负离子 微生物 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]