毒死蜱对于隆线溞和中华薄壳介混合种群的影响  

Effects of chlorpyrifos on mixed population of Daphnia carinata and Dolerocypris sinensis

作　　者：郑佳豪 李少南[1] 程攻 ZHENG Jiahao;LI Shaonan;CHENG Gong(Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310029)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农药与环境毒理研究所,浙江杭州310029

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2020年第8期1005-1010,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(No.LY17B070002)。

摘　　要：研究了毒死蜱对隆线溞(Daphnia carinata)和中华薄壳介(Dolerocypris sinensis)混合种群的种群密度、N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAGase)比活力和隆线溞游离态几丁质酶免疫可反应蛋白(chitinase-IR)的影响。结果表明,在毒死蜱质量浓度高于0.05μg/L的条件下,毒死蜱对两种生物会有抑制作用,并且基本随暴露浓度的升高而增强。不过,随着水中残留的毒死蜱浓度降低,抑制作用会减弱。计算毒死蜱对隆线溞和中华薄壳介的最高无作用浓度(NOEC)和最低有效浓度(LOEC)发现,中华薄壳介对毒死蜱的敏感性高于隆线溞。在生态风险评估工作中,NOEC或LOEC使用时间加权平均浓度会使评价结果更加准确。Effects of chlorpyrifos on mixed population of Daphnia carinata and Dolerocypris sinensis were studied by testing population densities,N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase(NAGase)specific activity and immunoreactive protein of free-living chitinase(chitinase-IR)of Daphnia carinata.Results showed that when chlorpyrifos mass concentration was above 0.05μg/L,chlorpyrifos would pose inhibition on both animals.In general,the inhibition became stronger with chlorpyrifos concentration increasing.When chlorpyrifos concentration decreased with time,the inhibition became weaker.Maximal no-observed-effect concentration(NOEC)and lowest observed effect concentration(LOEC)revealed that Dolerocypris sinensis was more sensitive to chlorpyrifos than Daphnia carinata.For ecological risk assessment,it was suggested that NOEC or LOEC should use time-weighted-average concentration so as to improve the accuracy.

关 键 词：毒死蜱 隆线溞 中华薄壳介 几丁质酶 生态风险 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]