引导电力供需长期有效均衡的容量市场设计  

A Capacity Market Design Guiding the Long-Term Effective Balance of Power Supply and Demand

作　　者：陈政 张翔 马子明 戴晓娟 夏清 赵燃[2] CHEN Zheng;ZHANG Xiang;MA Ziming;DAI Xiaojuan;XIA Qing;ZHAO Ran(Energy Development Research Institute of China Southern Power Grid,Guangzhou 510600,China;Tsinghua Sichuan Energy Internet Research Institute,Chengdu 610000,China;Department of Electrical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]南方电网能源发展研究院,广东广州510600 [2]清华四川能源互联网研究院,四川成都610000 [3]清华大学电机系,北京100084

出　　处：《中国电力》2020年第8期164-172,共9页Electric Power

基　　金：中国南方电网公司科技项目(考虑新能源大规模发展的新型电力市场形态研究,ZBKJXM20170075)。

摘　　要：容量市场是维持未来电力平衡的重要交易品种,美国PJM等国外容量市场主要解决了未来容量供应可靠性和容量电量成本分离的问题,却面临未来容量预测不准确、市场难以有效均衡的问题。提出了基于供需多方互动、引入虚拟投机商的容量市场机制,通过不同市场主体之间的多方互动和投机商的投机套利行为,建立了消除不平衡预测偏差的市场校正机制,充分调动全社会的资源和智慧,引导电力供需长期有效均衡,降低市场风险。提出了容量市场和能量市场的衔接机制,以能量市场的资产利用率作为衡量容量市场中各主体中标容量有效性的度量,以激励相容的方式抑制市场主体在能量市场上动用市场力的冲动。Capacity market is an important trading product for maintaining the future power balance.Foreign capacity markets such as PJM in the United States mainly solves the problems of the reliability of future capacity supply and the cost separation of capacity and energy.However,the problems of inaccurate capacity demand forecasting and difficulty in effective balance of power supply and demand remain unsolved.A capacity market mechanism is proposed in this paper with consideration of the interaction among market participants and virtual bidders.A market correction mechanism is established to eliminate the unbalanced forecasting deviation based on the interaction among market participants and the speculative arbitrage of virtual bidders.The proposed mechanism can fully mobilize the resources and wisdom of the whole society,and guide the long-term effective balance of power supply and demand to reduce market risks.The connection mechanism between the capacity market and the energy market is proposed in this paper,in which the asset utilization rate of energy market is considered as the index to measure the effective capacity of capacity market,so as to inhibit the impulse of market participants to exercise market power in energy market based on incentive compatibility approach.

关 键 词：容量市场 多方互动 虚拟投机商 有效容量 

分 类 号：F426.61[经济管理—产业经济] TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]