基于近场声聚焦的水下目标方位估计  

Research on Near-field Acoustic Focusing Technology of Semicircle Array

作　　者：杨阳[1,2] 张诚 丁元明[1,2] YANG Yang;ZHANG Cheng;DING Yuan-ming(Key Laboratory of Communication and Network,Dalian University,Dalian 116622,China;College of Information Engineering,Dalian University,Dalian 116622,China)

机构地区：[1]大连大学通信与网络重点实验室,辽宁大连116622 [2]大连大学信息工程学院,辽宁大连116622

出　　处：《大连大学学报》2020年第3期8-12,35,共6页Journal of Dalian University

摘　　要：基于水下无人平台的目标定位与跟踪技术逐渐成为近年来水声工程中的研究热点。随着目标辐射噪声级越来越低、探测平台需要尽量靠近被探测目标以实现近场定位。针对利用线列阵聚焦波束形成进行定位处理时出现"左右舷模糊",且目标定位精度低的问题。本文研究一种基于最小方差无畸变响应(MVDR)的半圆阵近场声聚焦技术,以近场声传播特性为基础推导近场半圆阵信号处理的数学模型,理论推导结果证明半圆阵能够克服直线阵存在的方位模糊缺点。最小方差无畸变方法根据信号子空间与噪声子空间的能量特性差异实现对目标的方位估计。数值仿真结果说明,半圆阵近场声聚焦技术的定位性能明显优于线列阵,可以获得目标的高方位分辨率。Target positioning and tracking based on underwater unmanned platforms has become a research hotspot in underwater acoustic engineering in recent years.As the target radiation noise level becomes lower and lower,the detection platform needs to be as close as possible to the detected target to achieve near-field positioning.Aiming at the problem of“blurring of port and port”when positioning processing is performed by using linear array focused beamforming,and the target positioning accuracy is low.In this paper,a semi-circular near-field acoustic focusing technology based on the minimum variance undistorted response(MVDR)is studied.Based on the near-field sound propagation characteristics,a mathematical model of near-field semi-circular signal processing is derived.The theoretical deduction proves that the semi-circular array can overcome the existence of linear arrays the ambiguity of the position is shortcoming.The orientation of the target is estimated according to the difference in energy characteristics between the signal subspace and the noise subspace.The numerical simulation results show that the positioning performance of the semi-circular near-field acoustic focusing technology is significantly better than the linear array,and high azimuth resolution of the target can be obtained.

关 键 词：被动目标定位 半圆阵 声聚焦 高分辨率 

分 类 号：TN911.7[电子电信—通信与信息系统]