甘肃盐池湾斑头雁繁殖期觅食地选择研究  

Study on the Selection of Foraging Sites in the Breeding Period of the Anser indicus in Yanchi Bay of Gansu Province

作　　者：罗宏德 万丽霞[1] 马映荣 贾阳阳 樊花荣 LUO Hong-de;WAN Li-xia;MA Ying-rong(College of Life Sciences,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学生命科学学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第16期102-104,145,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：生态环境部甘肃肃北县鸟类监测项目(2018NNU62)。

摘　　要：2019年4—6月,在甘肃盐池湾国家级自然保护区采用定点观察法和样方法对斑头雁繁殖期觅食地选择进行了研究。共测定了64个觅食利用样方和60个对照样方的8个生态因子。结果表明,斑头雁繁殖期倾向于在草甸、河岸和浅水沼泽泥滩中觅食,对盐碱地和滩地有回避性。通过Mann-Whitney检验发现距明水面距离、距放牧区距离、植被物种丰富度3个因子在斑头雁觅食样方与对照样方间的差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01),植被高度和植被盖度2个因子也达到显著水平(P<0.05)。主成分分析表明,食物和安全因子是斑头雁繁殖期觅食地选择的主要因素,此外干扰因子和水体因子对其觅食地选择也有一定影响。From April to June of 2019, the selection of foraging sites in the breeding period of Anser indicus was studied in the Yanchiwan National Nature Reserve in Gansu Province by using fixed-point observation methods and sample plot methods. A total of 8 ecological factors were determined for 64 foraging use samples and 60 control samples. The results showed that the breeding period of the bar-headed geese tended to forage in meadows, river banks and shallow water swamp mudflats, and it was evasive to saline-alkali land and beach land. Through the Mann-Whitney test, it was found that the distance from the clear water surface, the distance from the grazing area, and the species richness of the vegetation reached a very significant level in the difference between the food sample plot and the control sample plot(P<0.01). Two factors of vegetation height and vegetation coverage, also reached significant levels(P<0.05). Principal component analysis showed that food and safety factors were the main factors for the selection of foraging sites in the breeding period of bar-headed geese. In addition, interference factors and water body factors also had an effect on the choice of foraging sites.

关 键 词：斑头雁 样方法 繁殖期 觅食地 主成分分析 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]