余甘子提取物抗氧化能力分析和对酪氨酸酶活性的影响  

Assessment on Antioxidant Ability and Effect on Tyrosinase Activity of Phyllanthus emblica L.Extracts

作　　者：于丽娟 吴丽华[2] 王金香 李雪瑞 田浩 杨芳 李晚谊[2] 肖丹[2] 李智敏[2] YU Li-juan;WU Li-hua;WANG Jin-xiang;LI Xue-rui;TIAN Hao;YANG Fang;LI Wan-yi;XIAO Dan;LI Zhi-min(Agro-Products Processing Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650221,China;Institute of Medicinal Plants,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Kunming 650205.,China;School of Life Sciences,Shanxi Datong University,Shanxi Datong 037009,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农产品加工研究所,云南昆明650221 [2]云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所,云南昆明650205 [3]山西大同大学生命科学学院,山西大同037009

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2020年第7期1435-1440,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省科技厅重点研发计划项目“食药两用植物(余甘子和滇黄精)功能成分挖掘及特征营养物质加工利用技术研究”(2018BB024)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确余甘子果实提取物的抗氧化能力和其对酪氨酸酶活性的影响,为进一步开发利用余甘子果实提供理论依据。【方法】本研究采用2种方法(水提法和醇提法)提取余甘子果实中的活性物质,测定其中多酚和黄酮含量、分析其对3种自由基(1-苯基-2-苦肼基自由基(DPPH),2,2联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)自由基和羟自由基的清除率以及对酪氨酸酶活性的影响。【结果】余甘子果实中富含多酚和黄酮类物质,其中水提物中多酚和黄酮含量(22.95和34.61 mg/g DW)均高于醇提物中的含量(15.61和17.61 mg/g DW);水提物和醇提物对3种自由基都有很强的清除作用,其中水提物抗氧化效果优于醇提物,清除DPPH、ABTS+和羟自由基的IC50值分别为4.58μg/mL、9.61μg/mL、1.99 mg/mL。余甘子果实提取物对酪氨酸酶的作用与浓度有关,0.2、0.6 mg/mL提取物对于酪氨酸酶有一定的激活作用;1.8 mg/mL提取物则对酪氨酸酶活性表现出抑制作用。【结论】余甘子果实中富含多酚和黄酮类活性物质,而且具有极强的抗氧化能力,清除自由基能力大小依次是DPPH>ABTS+>羟自由基;提取物可影响酪氨酸酶活性,低浓度提取物引起酶活性升高,高浓度则抑制酶活性,推测相关作用机制比较复杂。【Objective】To further promote utilizing Phyllanthus emblica L(P.emblica),the study not only discussed the antioxidant capacity of the extracts from P.emblica fruits,but also analyzed its effect on tyrosinase activity.【Method】In this study,two kinds of dissolvent(water and alcohol)were used to extract the active substances from P.emblica fruits,and the contents of flavonoids and polyphenols,the scavenging ability to three kinds of free radicals(1-phenyl-2-bitter hydrazine radical(DPPH),2,2-diazo-bis(3-ethyl-benzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt(ABTS+)and hydroxyl radical)and the effect on tyrosinase were determined.【Result】The fruits of P.emblica were rich in polyphenols and flavonoids.The contents of polyphenols and flavonoids(22.95 and 34.61 mg/g DW)in the aqueous extract were higher than those in the ethanoic extract(15.61 and 17.61 mg/g DW).Both the aqueous and ethanoic extracts had strong scavenging effect on the three free radicals,while aqueous extract had higher antioxidant capacity than ethanoic extract,and its IC50 for scavenging DPPH,ABTS+and hydroxyl radicals were 4.58μg/mL,9.61μg/mL,1.99 mg/mL,respectively.The effect on tyrosinase was related to the concentration of the extracts.When the concentration was 0.2 or 0.6 mg/mL,the tyrosinase was activated;but if the concentration was 1.8 mg/mL,the extract restrained tyrosinase activity.【Conclusion】The fruits of P.emblica were rich in polyphenols and flavonoids,and the polyphenols and flavonoids in aqueous extract were higher than ethanoic extract.Also,the extracts had strong antioxidant capacity,and the ability of scavenging free radicals was in the order of DPPH>ABTS+>hydroxyl radical.The extracts effected tyrosinase activity,which increased tyrosinase activity in low concentration,and inhibited tyrosinase activity with higher concentration,but the mechanism was so complicated that further analysis should be executed in the future.

关 键 词：余甘子 黄酮 多酚 抗氧化 酪氨酸酶活性 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学]