新疆库车龟兹故城穷特音墩遗址2017年发掘简报  

The Excavation of the Quongteyindun Site at Qiuzi Old Town in Kuche,Xinjiang in 2017

作　　者：吴勇(文/领队/摄影/绘图) 刘玉生(摄影) 陈新儒(绘图) 徐丰(绘图) 冯志东 田小红 

机构地区：[1]新疆文物考古研究所

出　　处：《文物》2020年第8期29-52,共24页Cultural Relics

摘　　要：一概况龟兹故城又称“皮朗古城”“麻扎不坦古城”,位于新疆维吾尔自治区库车县新、老县城之间,地处天山山脉南麓支脉却勒塔格南洪积台地上,地势北高南低。库车河西支及盐水沟沟水从城西经过。最醒目者仅北墙一段(坐标为北纬41°43′17.1″,东经82°56′41.9″)(图一)。自1957年以来,故城经历了多次考古发掘,在龟兹故城内外遗址中发现并采集有砖瓦类建筑构件以及陶器类生活器皿[1]。2013年,龟兹故城被国务院公布为全国重点文物保护单位。为配合龟兹故城保护规划方案的编制及龟兹故城抢险加固保护工程的实施,2017年3~4月和9~11月,新疆文物考古研究所对龟兹故城穷特音墩遗址进行了考古发掘。穷特音墩遗址位于龟兹故城北墙外约150米处,平面呈长方形,整体为一高台,南北长约43、东西宽约38米,面积约1634平方米。The Qiuzi old town is located between the new and old Kuche counties in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions.The Quongteyindun Site is 150 metres to the north of the city wall of Qiuzi old town.An excavation was carried out by the Xinjiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology from March to April and from September to November 2017.It shed light on remains,including house ruins,walls,trash pits,drainage ditches,and tombs.Various items were unearthed,including pottery,bronze,iron,stone,bone,and glass objects,with pottery providing by far the highest number of finds.This was the second time an excavation in the area of Qiuzi old town had taken place,following one in 2016.Based on the objects found and 14C dating,the Quongteyindun Site was active mainly from the Northern and Southern Dynasties until the Tang Dynasty.The excavation this time provided new evidence for further exploration about the shape and layout of Qiuzi old town,and will also be of great significance to strengthen the research,comprehensive development,and protection of cultural fields along the Silk Road Economic Belt.

关 键 词：考古发掘 全国重点文物保护单位 建筑构件 龟兹 皮朗古城 抢险加固 新疆库车 库车县 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]