齿垢密螺旋体与口腔疾病关系的研究进展  

Advances in Treponema denticola and oral diseases

作　　者：彭瑞婷 程磊[1,2] 彭显 PENG Ruiting;CHENG Lei;PENG Xian(State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&Department of Endodontics in West China Hospital of Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China;State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&West China Hospital of Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China)

机构地区：[1]口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,四川大学华西口腔医院牙体牙髓科,四川成都610041 [2]口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,四川大学华西口腔医院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《口腔疾病防治》2020年第10期664-667,共4页Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81700963);四川省科技计划项目(2018JY0561)。

摘　　要：齿垢密螺旋体(Treponema denticola,T.denticola),是人类口腔中一种重要的密螺旋体致病菌。早期研究发现齿垢密螺旋体与牙周病的发生发展密切相关,随着近年来技术手段的发展,众多研究显示齿垢密螺旋体不仅可通过多种机制参与牙周病的发生发展,而且在多种口腔疾病发生发展进程中发挥重要作用。齿垢密螺旋体在牙髓根尖周病、种植体周围疾病中高度检出,其表面蛋白也在口腔肿瘤样本中普遍存在。本文就齿垢密螺旋体在牙周病、牙髓根尖周病、种植体周围疾病、口腔肿瘤等方面的研究进展作一综述,并总结相关作用机制:齿垢密螺旋体可通过糜蛋白酶样蛋白酶复合物(chymotrypsin-like protease complex,CTLP)、主要外鞘蛋白(major outer sheath protein,Mosp)、Td92、LOS等多种表面蛋白引起机体免疫调节紊乱,破坏上皮屏障,诱导骨吸收,促进炎症的发生发展;还可通过表面FhbB脂蛋白逃脱补体介导的杀伤作用;还可能通过调节肿瘤微环境促进口腔肿瘤的发生发展等。Treponema denticolais an important pathogenic Treponema pathogen in the human oral cavity.Early studies have found that Treponema denticola is closely related to the occurrence and development of periodontal diseases.With the development of technical methods in recent years,many studies have shown that Treponema denticola not only can participate in periodontal diseases through a variety of mechanisms but also can play an important role in the development of various oral diseases.Treponema denticola is detected in high concentrations in peri-apical diseases and periimplant diseases,and its surface protein is also prevalent in oral tumor samples.This paper reviews the research progress of Treponema denticola in periodontal diseases,pulp peri-apical diseases,peri-implant diseases and oral tumors,and summarizes the relevant mechanisms.For example,Treponema denticola can cause immune regulation disorder,destroy the epithelial barrier,induce bone absorption,promote the occurrence and development of inflammation through a variety of surface proteins,including chymotrypsin-like protease complex(CTLP),major outer sheath protein(Mosp),Td92,and LOS.It can also escape complement-mediated killing effects through surface FhbB lipoproteins and promote the occurrence and development of oral tumors by regulating the tumor microenvironment.These theories provide a theoretical basis for further understanding the development of oral diseases,controlling the infection of Treponema denticola,and exploring more effective treatment strategies.

关 键 词：齿垢密螺旋体 牙菌斑 感染 牙周炎 牙髓根尖周病 种植体周围疾病 口腔肿瘤 外膜蛋白 糜蛋白酶样蛋白酶复合物 主要外鞘蛋白 

分 类 号：R78[医药卫生—口腔医学]