不同品种“桐城小花”茶化学成分差异分析  

Comparative Study of Chemical Constituents in Tongcheng Xiaohua Tea of Different Cultivars

作　　者：黄海 吴丹丹 汪令建 张悦[3] 林智[3] HUANG Hai;WU Dandan;WANG Lingjian;ZHANG Yue;LIN Zhi(National Tea Industry Technology System Anqing Comprehensive Experimental Station,Anqing Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Anhui Province,Anqing 246000,China;Xiaohua Tea Development Project Headquarters Office of Tongcheng City,Tongcheng 231400,China;Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas,Tea Research Institute,CAAS,Hangzhou 310008,China)

机构地区：[1]国家茶叶产业技术体系安庆综合试验站安庆市农业技术推广中心,246000 [2]桐城市小花茶叶开发工程指挥部办公室,231400 [3]农业农村部茶树生物学与资源利用重点实验室中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,310008

出　　处：《中国茶叶》2020年第8期48-52,共5页China Tea

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-19);中国农业科学院创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2014-TRICAAS)。

摘　　要：研究比较了舒茶早、群体种、凫早二号和龙井长叶4个茶树品种制成的"桐城小花"茶样中主要化学成分含量差异。结果表明,茶多酚、咖啡碱、水浸出物含量和儿茶素总量,以及EGCG和C在不同品种所制"桐城小花"茶样中的含量无显著性差异(P> 0.05);而游离氨基酸总量和EGC、EC、ECG含量在不同品种茶样中存在显著性差异(P <0.05)。茶氨酸、天冬氨酸和精氨酸在不同品种茶样中的含量存在显著性差异(P <0.05)。通过层序聚类分析了这些差异成分在不同品种茶样中的分布规律。其中EGC、EC和ECG等儿茶素类化合物在舒茶早茶样中的含量普遍高于它在其他3个茶样中含量;游离氨基酸总量、茶氨酸和精氨酸等氨基酸类化合物在凫早二号、群体种和龙井长叶茶样中的含量普遍高于它们在舒茶早茶样中的含量;天冬氨酸在群体种、龙井长叶茶样中的含量明显高于舒茶早、凫早二号茶样。In this study,the content differences of the major chemical constituents in Tongcheng Xiaohua teas produced by four cultivars,namely Shuchazao,Quntizhong,Fuzao erhao and Longjing changye were analyzed.Results show that no significant differences in the content levels of total polyphenols,caffeine,water extracts,total catechins,epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)and catechin(C)were observed among different cultivars(P>0.05).While significant differences in cultivars were found in the contents of total free amino acids,epigallocatechin(EGC),epicatechin(EC)and epicatechin gallate(ECG)(P<0.05).The composition and content levels of amino acid constituents were further analyzed.Results show that the content levels of theanine,aspartic acid and arginine had significant differences among cultivars(P<0.05).Furthermore,the hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA)results based on the distribution of difference constituents among different cultivars indicate that Shuchazao had higher contents of EGC,EC and ECG but lower total free amino acids,theanine and arginine than those in other cultivars.Fuzao erhao had the highest contents of the total free amino acids,theanine and arginine among four cultivars.Besides,the content levels of aspartic acid in Quntizhong and Longjing changye were apparently higher than those of Shuchazao and Fuzao erhao.

关 键 词：桐城小花 品种 化学成分 差异 

分 类 号：TS272.5[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]