正负面情绪刺激下自闭症谱系障碍儿童的脑电信号分析  

Analysis of EEG signals in children with autism spectrum disorder under positive and negative emotional stimuli

作　　者：许琬鹦 陈靓影[1] Wanying Xu;Jingying Chen(National Engineering Laboratory for Educational Big Data,National Engineering Research Center for E-Learning,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学国家数字化学习工程技术研究中心,教育大数据国家工程实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《科学通报》2020年第21期2245-2255,共11页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61977027);湖北省技术创新专项重大项目(2019AAA044);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(CCNU18KFY02,CCNU19Z02002,CCNU19QN039)资助。

摘　　要：自闭症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD,简称自闭症)是一种神经发育障碍,通过脑电活动研究可以对自闭症儿童脑功能发展进行客观评价.在个体社会发展中情绪认知能力十分重要,自闭症儿童的情绪认知缺陷对其社会互动能力造成了极大的影响,阻碍了自闭症儿童的社会性发展.本研究主要通过分析情绪视频诱发被试儿童产生正面与负面情绪过程中的额叶、颞叶、枕叶等脑区的脑电活动,并结合情绪性能指标和认知水平,探索自闭症儿童和典型发展儿童的各自表现以及其脑电差异性.实验共招募80名儿童(自闭症儿童组:40名;典型发展儿童组:40名),通过快速傅里叶变换方法对被试儿童脑电分脑区进行功率谱分析,并探索情绪组别间效应.发现自闭症儿童脑波总体呈现出低频(delta,theta)和高频(beta,gamma)功率过大而Alpha频段功率较低的特点,且不同脑区的差异程度不同.通过比较正负面两种情绪刺激下基于脑波功率得到的情绪性能指标与认知的问答情况发现,自闭症儿童在不同情绪刺激下的情绪变化远小于典型发展儿童,并在正面情绪下有更高的兴趣度与参与度.此外,其情绪认知、空间认知等6个方面的认知情况均低于典型发展儿童,认知问答正确率较负面情绪下高.本研究为提高自闭症儿童情绪认知干预训练提供了客观依据.Autism spectrum disorder(ASD,hereafter autism)is a neurodevelopmental disorder.The symptoms of autism,including the core features of social interaction and language communication disorders,repetitive stereotyped behaviors,and limited narrow interest,are most obvious in children 2-3 years old.Research also shows that childhood is the most critical period for autism diagnosis and behavioral intervention.Because emotional recognition ability is of great importance to individual social development,the emotional recognition defect of children with autism has an extremely negative impact on their social interaction ability,thus hindering their social development.Related studies indicate that,under different emotional stimuli,the occipital and temporal lobes of children with autism show a lower activation state,which affects the development of their social cognitive and emotional recognition abilities.An objective evaluation of the development of autistic children’s brain function using an electroencephalogram(EEG)is feasible.This paper analyses testees’electroencephalograms of several encephalic regions,including frontal,temporal and occipital lobes,along with their emotional performance metrics and cognitive level to investigate the difference in autistic children and typically developing children’s performance and electroencephalograms while they are being induced by videos designed to produce positive or negative emotions.Based on the emotional performance indicators obtained from brainwave power spectlums and cognitive questions,we analyzed the children’s performance under two emotional stimuli.The experiment recruited 80 children,40 autistic and 40 typically developing children.We processed the power spectrum analysis of testees’electroencephalograms through fast Fourier transform and explored the effects between the different groups.Our results show that autistic children’s electroencephalograms generally show very high power in the low frequency range(delta,theta)and high frequency range(beta,gamma)b

关 键 词：自闭症 脑电信号 情绪性能指标 认知水平 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]