明清时期珠江三角洲津渡变迁研究  

A study on the Vicissitudes of Ferries in Pearl River Delta during the Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：刘玉青 Liu Yuqing(School of History and Culture of Science,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai,200240)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学科学史与科学文化研究院,上海200240

出　　处：《中国历史地理论丛》2020年第3期80-89,共10页Journal of Chinese Historical Geography

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“历史地理视野下的芍陂水资源环境变迁与区域社会研究”(18BZS164)。

摘　　要：明清时期的珠江三角洲河湖密布,津渡是其重要交通方式之一。本文统计了珠江三角洲地方志中的津渡记录,利用ArcGIS可视化等方法,考察了期间区域内的津渡变迁情况。明中后期至清末近400年间,珠江三角洲津渡数量总体呈增加之势,其中清后期增速较快;津渡分布中心具有逐步向海岸线方向推进的空间特征,并在清后期形成了以番禺县为中心,以东莞、新会、香山县为副中心的区域分布格局。究其原因,主要有三:滩涂扩张与海岸线南移,民众生存空间得以拓展;河床淤积与河流易道改变了通航条件,使津渡交通分布的空间格局发生变化;商品经济的流通、农作物保鲜技术的进步和文化的交流,为津渡交通的发展提供了多重动力。Ferry is one of the significant modes of transportation in Pearl River delta,due to its dense environment of rivers and lakes,during the Ming and Qing dynasties.This paper,we have calculated ferries in the chorography of Pearl River delta were collected and have investigated the vicissitudes of ferries in the region by the means of ArcGIS visualization.The results show that the total number of ferries were continuously increased,especially in the late Qing dynasty,recently about 400 years between the middle and late Ming dynasty and the late Qing dynasty.The distribution center of ferries have the spatial characteristic of gradually advancing toward the coastline and have formed a regional distribution patens with PanYu County as its center,DongGuan,XinHui,and XiangShan County as its sub-center ultimately in the late Qing dynasty.There are three reasons for the results.First,the living space of the human could be expanded due to the expansion of tidal flats and the southward movement of the coastline.Second,riverbed siltation and river migration caused the channel change so that made the ferries spatial pattern of traffic distribution transformation.Finally,the commodity economy continuous booming and crop preservation technology progressing provided material and technical support for ferries transportation.

关 键 词：津渡变迁 数量、时间与空间 珠江三角洲 明清时期 

分 类 号：K978[历史地理—人文地理学]