患者知情同意权法理之思  

Jurisprudential Reflection on Patients’Right of Informed Consent

作　　者：张晨韵[1] 秦梦琪 黄慧玲[2] 张文昌[1] ZHANG Chenyun;QIN Mengqi;HUANG Huiling;ZHANG Wenchang(School of Public Health of Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350122,China;the Affiliated Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学公共卫生学院,福建福州350122 [2]福建医科大学附属协和医院,福建福州350001

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2020年第8期994-999,共6页Chinese Medical Ethics

摘　　要：患者知情同意权的有效行使是医方合法开展重要医疗措施的前提,然而临床实践中,立法的局限、伦理的困境都限制了权利的发挥与发展。目前,中国几部重要的相关立法中均设置了有关患者知情同意权的规定。基于对患者知情同意权的内涵、发展历程、国外立法概况的梳理,从知情权的内容、涉及同意权行使问题的医疗行为之范围、不同情形下同意权行使的主体等几方面对上述立法的相关条款进行比对,发现在不同立法规定间,患者本人、家属、医疗机构三方在知情同意权事项中的权利分配格局有较大差异,究其变化孰优孰劣值得探讨。同时,患者知情同意权在临床实践中的充分落实有赖于医患沟通机制的重构及立法中权利设置的合理化。Effective exercise of the patients’right of informed consent is the premise for medical practitioners to carry out important medical measures legally.However,in clinical practice,the limitation of legislation and ethical dilemma restrict the exertion and development of patients’right.There are provisions on patients’right of informed consent in some important relating legislations.Based on the summarizing the connotation,the development and foreign legislation of the patients’right of informed consent,by comparing these legislations from the aspects of context of right to know,the range of medical measures relating to the exercise of right of consent and the subject of exercising the right of consent in different conditions and so on,it was found that quite different in the rights distribution among the patients themselves,their families and medical institutions in different legislation,and it is worth discussing which is better.Meanwhile,the full implementation of patients’right of informed consent in clinical practice depends on the reconstruction of doctor-patient communication mechanism and the rationalization of the right setting in legislations.

关 键 词：患者知情同意权 权利架构 医疗干涉权 医患沟通机制 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]