年轻女性乳腺癌的研究进展  

Progress on Breast Cancer Research in Young Female Patients

作　　者：李莉[1] 李娇[1] LI Li;LI Jiao(Department of General Surgery,TianJin Haihe Hospital,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市海河医院普通外科,天津300350

出　　处：《继续医学教育》2020年第7期77-79,共3页Continuing Medical Education

摘　　要：乳腺癌是威胁全世界女性健康的严重的常见的恶性肿瘤之一。在年龄方面,中国比西方国家女性患者有年轻化趋势,而且发病率和病死率呈逐年上升的趋势。年轻乳腺癌已得到越来越多的重视,其生物学行为多样,临床病理学特点可见组织学分级高,肿瘤细胞分化能力较差,肿瘤细胞恶性程度较高,往往具有脉管瘤栓,临床分期较晚,淋巴结转移率更高且转移淋巴结数目更多,治疗后更容易转移及复发,年轻乳腺癌与老年乳腺癌相比,雌激素受体阳性率较低,而有家族史者较多。许多针对年轻乳腺癌患者的国际临床试验正在进行中,目前尚无特殊的治疗方式,对于年轻乳腺癌患者的治疗方式的选择,医生需要权衡年轻乳腺癌有诸多预后不良的生物学特性,关注患者生存的质量。目前保乳手术已经成为了年轻早期乳腺癌治疗的首选,保乳术后放疗可使局部复发率减半,降低局部复发风险。随着医学的进步,为年轻乳腺癌患者定制个体化的治疗方案指日可待。Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women.In terms of age,China has a younger trend than female patients in western countries,and the incidence rate and mortality rate are increasing year by year.More and more attention has been paid to young breast cancer.The biological behavior of young breast cancer is diverse,and the clinicopathological features are as follows:high histological grade,poor differentiation ability of tumor cells,and high malignant degree of tumor cells.Young breast cancer often has vascularity tumor thrombus,the clinical stage is later,the lymph node metastasis rate is higher and the number of metastatic lymph nodes is more,it is easier to metastasis and recurrence after treatment.Compared with the old breast cancer,the positive rate of estrogen receptor is lower in the young breast cancer,but more in the family history.Many international clinical trials are underway for young breast cancer patients,and there is no special treatment at present.For the treatment of young breast cancer patients,doctors need to weigh the biological characteristics of young breast cancer patients with poor prognosis,and pay attention to the quality of life of patients.At present,breast conserving surgery has become the first choice in the treatment of young early breast cancer.Radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery can reduce the local recurrence rate by half and reduce the risk of local recurrence.With the development of medicine,individualized treatment plan for young breast cancer patients is just around the corner.

关 键 词：年轻乳腺癌 特征 预后 治疗 

分 类 号：R737[医药卫生—肿瘤]