新砦文化时期的大洪水与二里头文化的形成  

The Occurrence of Flood and the Rise of Xia Country

作　　者：魏继印[1] Wei Jiyin

机构地区：[1]河南大学古代文明研究中心

出　　处：《南方文物》2020年第2期31-37,共7页Cultural Relics in Southern China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“多维视域下夏文化形成研究”(19BKG001)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：嵩山东南麓的新砦遗址第二期文化、洛阳盆地的龙山文化和二里头文化之间都发现有异常洪水的迹象。陶器特征和绝对测年显示两地的洪水应为一次。晋南地区、豫西北地区一些龙山文化遗址也发现有此时期的洪水迹象。此次洪水发生在新砦文化的中期,覆盖的范围广大,是数千年不遇的特大洪水,与禹时期的大洪水比较相符,故新砦文化应与早期夏文化有关。新砦文化晚期,洪水退去,在洛阳盆地的中央形成大面积的无人区,新砦文化趁机而入发展成为二里头文化。There are signs of great flood in the second phase of Xinzhai culture in southern foot of Mountain Song and in the time interval between the Longshan culture and Erlitou cultue in Luoyang basin.The pottery features and absolute dating results show that the floods in the two places were simultaneous.At some Longshan cultural sites in southern of Shanxi Province and northwestern of Henan Province.signs of flooding were also found during this peri-od.This flood occurred in the middle of Xinzhai culture,covering a wide area,which is an extraordinary flood not ever seen in the previous thousands of years.It is consistent with the flood in the time of Yu.Therefore,Xinzhai culture should be related to the early stage of Xia culture.In the late period of Xinzhai culture,the flood receded,forming a large depopulated zone in the center of Luoyang Basin Xinzahi culture took the opportunity to occupy this area and developed into the Erlitou culture.

关 键 词：新砦文化 大洪水 早期夏文化 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]