自闭症谱系障碍儿童家长的反刍思维与焦虑的关系:心理弹性的中介作用  

The mediating effects of resilience on the relationship between rumination and anxiety in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder

作　　者：白洁 王言 曲远山 赵亮[1] 雷秀雅[1] BAI Jie;WANG Yan;QU Yuanshan;ZHAO Liang;LEI Xiuya(School of Humanities and Social Science,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;Shaanxi Normal University Pingliang Experimental Middle School,Pingliang 744000)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学人文社会科学学院,北京100083 [2]陕西师范大学平凉实验中学,平凉744000

出　　处：《心理研究》2020年第3期282-288,共7页Psychological Research

摘　　要：为了解自闭症谱系障碍儿童家长的反刍思维、心理弹性和焦虑三者的关系,采用问卷调查法对464名自闭症谱系障碍儿童家长进行调查,探讨反刍思维对自闭症谱系障碍儿童家长的焦虑情绪的影响机制,并检验心理弹性的中介效应。结果发现:(1)自闭症谱系障碍儿童家长的反刍思维在总分、症状反刍和强迫思考上,母亲的得分均显著高于父亲(t=-2.58,-3.17,-2.77,p<0.05)。心理弹性在总分和控制感、乐观坚韧、自信心和接纳度上父亲显著高于母亲(t=2.57,2.72,1.94,2.56,3.28,p<0.05)。自闭症谱系障碍儿童家长中,母亲的焦虑得分显著高于父亲(t=3.39,p<0.01);(2)反刍思维、心理弹性、焦虑三者两两显著相关(p<0.01);(3)中介效应分析显示,心理弹性在反刍思维和焦虑间存在部分中介效应。综上,自闭症谱系障碍儿童家长遇到负性事件时容易采用反刍思维去应对。他们当中母亲比父亲更容易采用反刍思维,母亲的心理弹性低于父亲,自闭症谱系障碍儿童家长反刍思维直接影响焦虑水平,反刍思维还通过心理弹性间接影响焦虑水平。Using questionnaire survey to test 464 autistic children’s parents,to explore the influence mechanism of rumination on anxiety in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder and test the mediating effect of resilience,the findings indicated the following:In terms of gender,females significantly scored higher than males in resilience,no matter in total score,symptom rumination or Brooding(t=-2.58,-3.17,-2.77,p<0.05).Psychological resilience scale,males significantly scored higher than females in total score,sense of control,optimism,confidence and acceptance score(t=2.57,2.72,1.94,2.56,3.28,p<0.05).Anxiety in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder,females significantly scored higher than males(p<0.01).Rumination,resilience and anxiety were related to each other(p<0.01).Mediating effect analysis showed that resilience had some mediating effect on relationship between rumination and anxiety.The resilience has some intermediary role on the on relationship between rumination and anxiety.

关 键 词：反刍思维 心理弹性 焦虑 自闭症谱系障碍 

分 类 号：G76[文化科学—特殊教育学]