植物气孔原始形态—“前气孔”的发现  

Discovery of stomatal original form-“prestoma”

作　　者：邓里涛 李婧[1,2] 严岳鸿 刘保东[1] DENG Li-tao;LI Jing;YAN Yue-hong;LIU Bao-dong(Harbin Normal University,Key Laboratory of Plant Biology,College of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin Heilongjiang 150025;Harbin Zhongshi middle school,Harbin Heilongjiang 150000;Shanghai Chenshan Plants Science Research Center,Chinese Academy of Science,Shanghai 201602,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150025 [2]哈尔滨中实学校,黑龙江哈尔滨150000 [3]上海辰山植物园中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心,上海201602

出　　处：《电子显微学报》2020年第4期405-408,共4页Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.31770350).

摘　　要：为探究植物气孔(stomata)的起源演化,本文以槲蕨(Drynaria roosii)原叶体及幼孢子体的第一枚叶片、满江红(Azolla pinnata)孢子体叶片为材料,用扫描电子显微镜观察了各自的气孔及类似气孔的超微立体精细结构特征。结果表明槲蕨幼孢子体气孔有2个保卫细胞,满江红孢子体气孔仅有1个保卫细胞,而槲蕨原叶体上发现的类似气孔结构,由1个保卫细胞和中间的狭缝组成,不具有真正的孔,本文将其命名为前气孔(prestoma),并对前气孔的特殊性进行了分析,旨在为探讨陆地植物气孔起源及系统演化提供溯祖形态依据。In order to explore the origin and evolution of the stomata,the prothallium and the first leave of young sporophyte of Drynaria roosiiand the leaves of sporophyte ofAzolla pinnata were taken as samples.The ultrastructure of stomata and stomata-likecomponents was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results showed that two guard cells were in the stomata of D.roosii,and one guard cell in the stomata of A.pinnata.However,thestomata-likecomponents on prothallium of D.roosiicontained a guard cell and a slit but no real pores.Thus,wenamed it the prestoma,and its particularity was discussed.Here,we provided the evidence with coalescent form for exploring the origin of land plants'stomata.

关 键 词：原叶体 前气孔 气孔起源 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：Q944.1[生物学—植物学] Q336