我国男子短跑后备人才连续纵跳能力及与短距离跑成绩的相关性研究  

Research on Chinese Male Sprint Talents Continuous Vertical Jump Ability and Correlation with Performance of Dash in Different Distances

作　　者：周彤 章碧玉[2] 何梦梦 陈文佳[2] ZHOU Tong;ZHANG Biyu;HE Mengmeng;CHENWenjia(Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China;Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China.)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学,福建福州350117 [2]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2020年第8期40-45,共6页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2017sys001);福建省社科规划青年项目(FJ2019C015)。

摘　　要：目的:测试我国男子短跑后备人才连续纵跳及与不同距离短跑成绩的相关性。方法:受试者为135名我国奥林匹克高水平后备人才基地短跑项目在训男子青少年运动员,采用2种分组方式,根据百米运动等级分为一级组与二级组,根据年龄分为12~13岁组、14~15岁组、16~17岁组。通过连续纵跳测试受试者下肢反应力量水平,运用Tendo Power测试仪采集受试者每跳的平均功率、峰值功率、平均速度和峰值速度,并对受试者的30 m和60 m成绩进行测试。结果:一级组在连续纵跳中的多项指标与30 m、60 m测试中均显著高于二级组,不同年龄之间的连续纵跳指标和不同距离速度测试也存在显著性差异。连续纵跳的某些指标与30 m、60 m成绩呈显著相关。结论:百米成绩更好的受试者不仅具备更优的30 m和60 m速度,下肢反应力量水平也更高。下肢反应力量水平随年龄的增长而逐步提升。连续纵跳可应用于短跑青少年运动员的选材和力量训练中,提升下肢肌群反应力量并促进运动成绩提升。Objective:To test the continuous vertical jumps of Chinese male sprint talents and the correlation with their sprint performance with different distance.Methods:135 sprinters from National Olympic High Level Single Event Talent Bases voluntarily participated in this test.They were divided into two groups by sport level of 100-meter and three groups by age,respectively.The subject's lower limbs reactive strength levels were tested by continuous vertical jumps,and the average power,peak power,average speed,and peak velocity per hop of the subjects were collected using a Tendo Power test machine.30-meter and 60-meter performance were tested as well.Results:The first level group was significantly higher than second level group in multiple indicators of continuous vertical jump and sprint tests.There were also significant differences between the continuous vertical jump indicators and the different distance speed tests among different age groups.Some indicators of continuous vertical jump are significantly correlated with the 30-meter and 60-meter results.Conclusion:Subjects with better performance at 100 meters not only better 30-meter and 60-meter performance,but also higher reactive strength of lower limbs.The level of reactive strength of the lower limbs also gradually increases with age.Continuous vertical jumps can be applied to the talents selection and strength training of young athletes,and improve the muscle strength of lower limbs and promote the performance.

关 键 词：短跑 后备人才 连续纵跳 反应力量 青少年运动员 

分 类 号：G822.1[文化科学—体育训练]