东营地区护士职业倦怠现状及相关因素调查  

Investigation on status and related factors of nurses’ job burnout in Dongying area

作　　者：金璇[1] 韩桂霞[2] JIN Xuan;HAN Gui-xia(Deparment of Surgical Aneshesia,Binhai hospital,Binhai Hospial,Shengli Petroleum Administration Bureau,Dongring Shandong,257237,China;Office of Infection Control,Binhai Hospial,Shengli Petroleum Administration Bureau,Dongring Shandong,257237,China)

机构地区：[1]胜利石油管理局滨海医院手术麻醉科,山东东营257237 [2]胜利石油管理局滨海医院感染控制办公室,山东东营257237

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第12期1593-1598,共6页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解山东省东营地区护士职业倦怠的现状与相关影响因素,为预防及减轻护士职业倦怠提供参考依据。方法 2018年2月—2019年2月,使用一般情况调查问卷、职业倦怠量表(MBI)、社会支持评定量表(SRS)和护士压力源量表对山东省东营地区562名护理人员进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 (1)东营地区护士职业倦怠各维度得分:情感衰竭25.32±9.27,去个性化7.43±5.62,个人成就感26.76±10.23。(2)东营地区护士职业倦怠现状:职业倦怠阳性人数为510人,阳性率为90.75%。轻度倦怠者的人数共计163人,占29%;中度倦怠者的人数共计239人,占42.53%;重度倦怠者的人数共计108人,占19.22%。(3)不同年龄和护龄护理人员情感衰竭、去个性化和个人成就感维度得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),不同婚姻状况护士情感衰竭得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(4)护士的工作压力与职业倦怠的相关性:东营地区护士职业倦怠情感衰竭和去个性化2个维度的评分与工作压力的5个维度评分均呈正相关(r=0.329、0.516、0.431、0.373、0.532、0.441、0.332、0.556、0.463、0.307,均P<0.05),个人成就感评分与工作压力5个维度评分呈负相关(r=-0.382、-0.413、-0.287、-0.343、-0.449,均P<0.05)。(5)良好的社会支持与职业倦怠的相关性:东营地区护士社会支持3个维度的评分与职业倦怠的情感衰竭和去个性化2个维度评分均呈负相关(r=-0.179、-0.136、-0.237、-0.126、-0.213、-0.195,均P<0.05);社会支持3个维度的评分与职业倦怠的个人成就感评分均呈正相关(r=0.238、0.259、0.097,均P<0.01)。结论东营地区护士职业倦怠的情况较为严重。年龄、护龄、婚姻状况、职称、编制、夜班情况、平均月收入及医院级别都是影响护士职业倦怠的重要因素。良好的社会支持和缓解压力有助于降低护士的职业倦怠。Objective To understand the status quo and related factors of nurses’ job burnout in Dongying area of Shandong Province,provide reference for preventing and alleviating the job burnout of nurses. Methods From February 2018 to February2019,the general situation questionnaire,job burnout scale(MBI),Social support rating scale(SRS) and nurses stressor scale were administrated to investigate 562 nurses from Dongying area of Shangdong Province. And the data were analyzed. Results ① The scores of each dimension of job burnout of nurses in Dongying area were as follows: emotional exhaustion of 25.32 ±9.27,depersonalization of 7.43 ±5.62, personal achievement of 26.76 ±10.23. ② The status of job burnout among nurses in Dongying area were as follows: there were 510 positive cases of job burnout with the positive rate of 90.75%,while 163 nurses had mild burnout,accounting for 29%,239 had moderate burnout,accounting for 42.53%,and 108 had severe burnout,accounting for19.22%. ③ The differences in scores of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and personal accomplishment were statistically significant among in different groups of age and working years(all P<0.05),and the difference in score of emotional exhaustion was statistically significant among different marital status groups(P<0.05). ④ For the correlation between job stress and job burnout of nurses,the scores of two dimensions(emotional exhaustion and depersonalization)of job burnout of nurses in Dongying area were significantly positively correlated with the five dimensions of work stress(r=0.329,0.516,0.431,0.373,0.532,0.441,0.332, 0.556,0.463,0.307,all P <0.05),while the score of personal accomplishment was significantly negatively correlated with the five dimensions of work stress(r=-0.382,-0.413,-0.287,-0.343,-0.449,all P<0.05). ⑤ For the correlation between good social support and job burnout: the scores of the three dimensions of social support among nurses in Dongying area were significantly negatively correlated with the two dimensions(emotion

关 键 词：护士 职业倦怠 相关因素 

分 类 号：R181.31[医药卫生—流行病学]