若尔盖高原生态系统水源涵养功能时空变化特征  

Spatiotemporal variations of water conservation capacity in Ruoergai Plateau

作　　者：苑跃 张亮 崔林林[2,3] YUAN Yue;ZHANG Liang;CUI Lin-lin(Institute of Plateau Meteorology,CMA/Heavy Rain and Drought-Flood Disasters in Plateau and Basin Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Sichuan Meteorological Disaster Defense Technology Center,Chengdu 610072,China;College of Resources and Environment,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China;Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation,Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省气象灾害防御技术中心,高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室,成都610072 [2]成都信息工程大学资源环境学院,成都610225 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地表层格局与模拟院重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2020年第8期2713-2723,共11页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：四川省科技厅计划项目(2020YFS0441);中国博士后科学基金(2019M660780);高原与盆地暴雨旱涝灾害四川省重点实验室科技发展基金项目(SCQXKJQN2020044)资助。

摘　　要：若尔盖高原具有重要的水源涵养功能。基于气象和遥感数据,利用水量平衡法,模拟研究2001—2017年若尔盖高原水源涵养量的时空变化特征,探究土地利用和气象因子变化的影响。结果表明:若尔盖高原水源涵养量的空间差异性较大,整体上呈从北向南逐渐增加趋势,研究区2000—2017年平均单位面积水源涵养量<100、100~200、200~300、300~400、400~500和>500 mm的面积比例分别为15.43%、63.66%、18.66%、2.22%、0.03%和0;17年平均水源涵养总量为阿坝藏族羌族自治州>红原县>若尔盖县>玛曲县>碌曲县;研究区2001—2017年单位面积平均水源涵养量总体表现出微弱的上升趋势,水源涵养量显著减少、中等减少、轻微减少、几乎不变、轻微增加、中等增加和显著增加区域所占的面积比例分别为50.64%、16.81%、11.64%、5.20%、4.52%、7.31%和3.88%;阿坝藏族羌族自治州和若尔盖县呈增加趋势,其他三县(玛曲、碌曲和红原县)呈减少趋势;降雨量和高程是影响研究区水源涵养量时空变化特征的主要因子。The Ruoergai Plateau has an important function in water conservation.In this study,water conservation was simulated using water balance method based on meteorological and remote sensing data.We analyzed the spatiotemporal changes of water conservation function and its influencing factors in Ruoergai Plateau during the period 2001-2017.Results showed that the amount of water conservation(AWC)varied greatly,gradually increasing from the north to the south.During the study period,the proportions of the AWC per unit area<100,100-200,200-300,300-400,400-500 and>500 mm were 15.43%,63.66%,18.66%,2.22%,0.03%and 0,respectively.The average AWC in different regions was following the order of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture>Hongyuan County>Rouergai County>Maqu County>Luqu County.The average AWC per unit area in the Ruoergai Plateau showed a slight upward trend.The proportions of the areas with significant decrease,moderate decrease,slight decrease,almost constant,slight increase,moderate increase and significant increase in water conservation were50.64%,16.81%,11.64%,5.20%,4.52%,7.31%and 3.88%,respectively.The AWCs in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture and Rouergai County showed an increasing trend,while the other three counties(Maqu,Luqu,and Hongyuan)showed a decreasing trend during 2001-2017.Precipitation and elevation were the major factors driving spatiotemporal changes of water conservation function.

关 键 词：若尔盖高原 水源涵养 水量平衡 时空特征 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]