跨学科合作中急诊科社会工作实践的困境与对策  

Dilemma and Countermeasures of Social Work Practice in Emergency Department in Interdisciplinary Cooperation

作　　者：齐建[1] 王志中[1] 王素明[1] Qi Jian(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,030619)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学人文社会科学学院,太原030619

出　　处：《医学与社会》2020年第8期84-89,共6页Medicine and Society

基　　金：山西省哲学社会科学规划课题“山西省医务社会工作与志愿者制度建设研究”,编号为2018B204;2017年度山西省高等学校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目“健康中国背景下的医务社会工作模式研究”,编号为2017317。

摘　　要：社会工作是急诊科跨学科团队实践的重要组成部分。本文从社会生态系统理论出发,指出了社会工作在急诊危机介入、跨学科实践、价值理念等方面的关键作用,分析了急诊科社会工作的实践框架,包括微观系统的面向患者及其家属的支持和保护、中观系统的医患、组织之间的关系协调和宏观系统的医疗资源、政策和文化倡导。同时,社会工作在高度专业化和分工明确的急诊科,面临着自身专业自主性危机、权威性受质疑的发展瓶颈,以及专业隔离排斥和资源支持薄弱的协作机制困境。在分析嵌入体制和文化等方面原因的基础上,提出急诊科社会工作实务的发展策略:厘清急诊科社会工作的专业化标准;打通专业壁垒,开拓科室跨学科合作实践;利用大数据实现资源整合,建构网络转介互馈机制。Social work services are an important part of interdisciplinary team practice in the emergency department.Based on the theory of social ecosystem,this study points out the key role of social work in emergency crisis intervention,interdisciplinary practice,value conception and other aspects,and analyzes the practical framework of social work in emergency department,including micro-system support and protection of patients and their familys,coordination of the relationship between doctors and patients and organizations in the meso system and the promotion of medical resources,policies and culture in the macro system.At the same time,social work in the highly specialized and clearly divided emergency department is faced with the crisis of its own professional autonomy and the development bottleneck of its authority being questioned,as well as the dilemma of professional isolation and exclusion and weak cooperation mechanism of resource support.On the basis of analyzing the reasons of embedding system and culture,this study puts forward the development strategies of emergency department social work practice:clarifying the professional standards of emergency department social work,breaking through professional barriers and develop interdisciplinary cooperation practice,using big data to realize resource integration and constructing network referral mutual feed mechanism.

关 键 词：急诊科 社会工作实践 专业化 困境 对策 

分 类 号：R197.32[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]