上海市金山区初中生抑郁流行情况及影响因素调查  

A survey on depression prevalence and influencing factors among junior high school students in Jinshan District of Shanghai

作　　者：马笑风 侯国权 罗文秀[1] MA Xiao-feng;HOU Guo-quan;LUO Wen-xiu(Fourth Ward of Jinshan Mental Health Center in Shanghai,Shanghai,201515,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市金山区精神卫生中心四病区,上海201515

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第13期1831-1836,共6页Occupation and Health

基　　金：上海市金山区医疗卫生类科技创新资金项目(2019-3-28)。

摘　　要：目的了解上海市金山区初中生抑郁症状流行情况及其影响因素,为相关部门促进学生心理健康提供参考。方法2019年9月采用多阶段整群抽样方法,运用Kutcher青少年抑郁量表对初中生抑郁症状流行情况进行筛查,同时调查来自个人、家庭、学校等方面的相关因素,通过χ^2检验、logistic回归等统计方法识别抑郁症状发生的独立危险因素。结果共调查1862名初中生,抑郁症状检出率为25.30%。不同性别初中生抑郁症状检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),随年龄增长而升高(P<0.05)。有学习或考试压力、父母有不良嗜好、低自尊情况、生活不满意、家庭不和睦、父母下班后经常上网等均是初中生抑郁症状发生的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论初中生抑郁症状检出率较高,学校、家庭等有关部门应共同努力,控制和减少危险因素,促进青少年心理健康。Objective To understand the prevalence of depression and its influencing factors among junior high school students in Jinshan District of Shanghai,provide reference for relevant departments to promote students'mental health.Methods In September 2019,the prevalence of depression in junior high school students was screened by using the Kutcher Adolescent Depression scale with the method of multi-stage cluster sampling.At the same time,the relevant factors from individuals,families,schools and other aspects were extensively investigated.The main risk factors of depression were identified by chisquare test,logistic regression and other statistical methods.Results 1862 junior high school students participated in the survey.The detection rate of depression was 25.30%,which was not related to gender(P>0.05),but increased with age(P<0.05).The main risk factors for depression of junior high school students were learning or examination pressure,bad habits of parents,low selfesteem,dissatisfaction with life,family discord,and frequent internet surfing after work of parents.Conclusion Junior high school students have a high detection rate of depressive symptoms.Schools,families and other departments should work together to control and reduce risk factors and promote mental health of adolescents.

关 键 词：初中生 抑郁症状 流行情况 影响因素 

分 类 号：R181.37[医药卫生—流行病学]