健美操运动员优势侧与非优势侧膝关节等速肌力测试分析  

Dominant and non-dominant side knee isokinetic characteristics of Chinese calisthenics athletes

作　　者：李玉 黄鹏 王宏 王安利 Li Yu;Huang Peng;Wang Hong;Wang Anli(School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Art School,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学运动医学与康复学院,北京市100084 [2]北京体育大学艺术学院,北京市100084

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2021年第2期232-236,共5页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:全面评估膝关节肌力、膝关节屈伸肌力比(H/Q)以及双侧膝关节肌力的对称性有利于预防膝关节损伤。目的:分析运动员优势侧与非优势侧膝关节肌力特点及双侧肌力的对称性。方法:用IsoMed 2000等速测试/训练系统,选取60,180(°)/s的角速度,对22名健美操运动员(有氧组8名及竞技组14名)膝关节进行等速肌力测试。结果与结论:①两组运动员双侧膝关节屈伸肌峰力矩、屈伸肌相对峰力矩随角速度增加而递减(P<0.001),H/Q随角速度增加而增加(P<0.001);②两组对象优势侧屈肌肌力极显著高于非优势侧(P<0.05),伸肌肌力和H/Q在60(°)/s角速度时显著高于非优势侧(P<0.05);③180(°)/s时有氧组运动员非优势侧膝关节H/Q高于竞技组(P<0.05);④60(°)/s和180(°)/s时有氧组对象优势侧屈肌峰力矩均优于非优势侧(P<0.05),伸肌指标无显著性差异;⑤60(°)/s和180(°)/s时竞技组对象优势侧屈肌峰力矩均极高于非优势侧(P<0.05);伸肌峰力矩、相对峰力矩[60(°)/s]及H/Q[180(°)/s]显著高于非优势侧(P<0.05);⑥结果提示,两组对象优势侧和非优势侧膝关节肌力不对称,需加强非优势侧膝关节力量;H/Q较低,膝关节屈伸肌力不均衡,需加强膝关节屈肌力量训练,尤其是快速力量。BACKGROUND:A comprehensive evaluation of knee muscle strength,knee hamstrings-to-quadriceps(H/Q)force ratio,and symmetry of both knee joints is beneficial to preventing knee joint injuries.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the dominant and non-dominant side isokinetic characteristics of the knee joints of Chinese calisthenics athletes and bilateral symmetry of muscle strength.METHODS:Knee joints of 22 Chinese calisthenics athletes(aerobics group,n=8;athletics group,n=14)from Chinese national aerobics team were measured using IsoMed2000 at 60 and 180(°)/s concentric angular speed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The peak torque(PT)and the relative peak torque(PT/BW)of the flexors and extensors of the knee joint in the two groups were significantly decreased with the increase of the angular speed(P<0.001),and the H/Q ratio significantly increased with the increase of the angular speed(P<0.001).The dominant leg flexors strength were significantly higher than that of the non-dominant leg(P<0.05),and extensors strength and H/Q of the dominant leg were significantly higher than those of the non-dominant leg at the speed of 60(°)/s(P<0.05).The H/Q of the non-dominant knee joint in the aerobic group was significantly higher than that in the athletics group at the speed of 180(°)/s(P<0.05).In the aerobic group,the flexor peak torque of the dominant leg was significantly higher than that of the non-dominant leg at the speed of 60(°)/s and 180(°)/s(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in both side of extensors.In the athletics group,the flexor peak torque of the dominant leg was significantly higher than that of the non-dominant leg(P<0.05),the extensors peak torque[60(°)/s],PT/BW[60(°)/s]and H/Q[180(°)/s]of the dominant leg were significantly higher than those of the non-dominant leg(P<0.05).These findings indicate that the muscle force of the dominant and non-dominant knee joints were asymmetric,and the athletes ought to improve the muscle power of the non-dominant knee joint.A lower H/Q indicates imbalance between the flexor

关 键 词：膝 关节 优势侧 对称性 运动损伤 预防 力量训练 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R319[医药卫生—临床医学]