数据粒度均衡的二维矢量瓦片构建方法  

A Vector Tile Construction Method with Balanced Data Granularity

作　　者：应申[1,2] 王子豪 杜志强 丁火平[4] 李翔翔[4] YING Shen;WANG Zihao;DU Zhiqiang;DING Huoping;LI Xiangxiang(School of Resource and Environmental Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation,MNR,Shenzhen 518034,China;State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying,Mapping and Remote Sensing,Wnhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;Space Star Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100086,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]自然资源部城市国土资源监测与仿真重点实验室,广东深圳518034 [3]武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430079 [4]航天恒星科技有限公司,北京100086

出　　处：《地理信息世界》2020年第4期66-74,共9页Geomatics World

基　　金：自然资源部城市土地资源监测与仿真重点实验室开放基金项目(KF-2019-04-019);国家自然科学基金项目(41971347);预研项目“空间信息与地理信息融合”资助。

摘　　要：针对二维地图矢量瓦片数据量不均衡造成的Web可视化中矢量数据传输、渲染效率低的问题,提出了数据粒度均衡的矢量瓦片构建方法。首先提出了矢量瓦片的粒度定义,并根据粒度均衡划分的约束条件和流畅可视化的帧率要求,给出了单个矢量瓦片粒度大小的计算方法。在k-d树算法的基础上,制定分割线编码规则及其不断继承与更新机制提出“父子”关联且粒度均衡的瓦片构建方法和“回溯剪枝”算法的瓦片调度流程。这种数据粒度均衡的矢量瓦片可实现快速网络数据调度与可视化,以全国矢量数据为例,从矢量瓦片构建耗时、所占存储空间以及Web可视化过程中传输速率、渲染效率等方面验证和评估本文方法的效能。A vector tile construction method with balanced data granularity is proposed in this paper to solve the slow rendering and data loading problems appearing in WebGIS.Firstly,the definition of granularity in vector tiles is given,and the calculation method for granularity is presented according to the balanced data division and smooth visualization.Then,the methods of coding and constructing tiles are established on the basis of k-d tree with"parent-child"inheritance and renovation rules under the restriction of balanced data granularity.These balanced vector tiles are loaded and rendered smoothly with"backtracking pruning"algorithm.Finally,taken vector data in China as an example,the usability of this method is evaluated in the aspect of both time and space consuming for construction,transmission and visualization of vector tiles.

关 键 词：矢量瓦片 粒度均衡 K-D树 “父子”关联 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]