区域制度环境对创新人才集聚的空间影响研究——基于人口老龄化的视角  

The Spatial Impact of Regional Institutional Environment on the Agglomeration of Innovative Talents:From the Perspective of Aging

作　　者：李士梅[1] 彭影 LI Shi-mei;PENG Ying

机构地区：[1]吉林大学经济学院,长春130012

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2020年第5期82-91,237,共11页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：基于2000—2017年中国30个省份面板数据,构建制度环境综合评价指标体系,利用主成分分析法测算省际制度环境综合指数,并分析创新人才集聚与扩散的作用机理;在此基础上,运用空间面板计量模型,采用直接效应和间接效应空间分解方法,实证研究人口老龄化视角下制度环境对创新人才集聚的影响。研究发现:制度环境优化对本地区创新人才集聚产生了显著的积极影响,且对邻近地区存在空间溢出效应;而人口老龄化弱化了制度环境对创新人才集聚的正向作用;此外,邻近地区工资水平、交通基础设施和对外开放水平对本地区创新人才集聚存在显著的消极影响。因此,各地方政府应"因地制宜"优化创新制度供给,引导创新人才要素有效集聚,以促进区域协调互动发展的小康社会建设。Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2017,this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of institutional environment,and uses the principal component analysis method to calculate the comprehensive index of the provincial institutional environment.And we also use the TP model to analyze the mechanism of the agglomeration and diffusion of innovative talents.On this basis,the spatial panel measurement model is adopted,and the direct and indirect effects of spatial decomposition are used to empirically study the impact of the institutional environment on the agglomeration of innovative talents under the background of population aging.The study finds,the optimization of institutional environment has a significant positive effect on the agglomeration of innovative talents in the region,and there is a spatial spillover effect on the neighboring areas;while the aging problem weakens the positive effect.In addition,wage levels,transportation infrastructure and the level of openness in neighboring regions have significant negative effects on the agglomeration of innovative talents in the region.Therefore,local governments should optimize the supply of innovation system and guide the effective agglomeration of innovative talents to promote the coordinated development of regions.

关 键 词：区域制度环境 创新人才集聚 人口老龄化 空间面板模型 

分 类 号：C964.2[经济管理—人力资源管理] C924.24