山鬼原型诸说辨疑  

A Study of Different Standpoints about Prototype of Mountain Ghost

作　　者：张云 ZHANG Yun(School of Literature, Yunnan University,Kunming 650091, China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学文学院,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《宜春学院学报》2020年第7期93-99,共7页Journal of Yichun University

基　　金：云南大学第十一届研究生科研创新项目(项目编号:2019Z002)。

摘　　要：学界对《九歌·山鬼》中的“山鬼”原型多有讨论,虽众说纷纭,但实际只有两类。其一“山魈精怪”说,此说或非始于南宋洪兴祖,而是与当地民间传说关切;其二“山神巫觋”“巫山神女”“先妣灵魂”说等,此类实可相通。也即“山神”或为山鬼原型,“巫觋”“巫山神女”“先妣灵魂”则是“山神”之变体。“山鬼”则是由女巫扮演,她承担祭祀山神的角色。Spirit in the Mountain is the ninth part of Qu Yuan’s poem Nine Tunes.There are different opinions on the prototype of“Mountain Ghost”.In fact,there are only two situations.The first one is“Mountain monster”,which maybe is not from Hong Xingzu of the Southern Song Dynasty,but from folklore.The second is“Wushan Goddess”,“Mountain Deity and witch”and“Ancestors and Souls”,they are the same type.In other words,“Mountain Deity”maybe is the prototype of“Mountain Ghost”,and the others are variants of the“Mountain Deity”.The“Mountain Ghost”was played by the witch,who undertook the role of sacrificing the“Mountain Deity”.

关 键 词：山鬼 山神 洪兴祖 巫山神女 先妣灵魂 

分 类 号：I222.3[文学—中国文学]