论《九愍》对《九章》、九体的发展  

On the Adoption of The Nine Chapters and the Style of Nine in“Jiu Min”

作　　者：刘运好[1] 吴强[2] LIU Yun-hao;WU Qiang

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学中国诗学研究中心,安徽芜湖241000 [2]安徽师范大学文学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第4期113-121,192,共10页Journal of Soochow University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划项目“文化视域下陆机陆云研究”(项目编号:15YJA751018)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：陆云《九愍》,内容模仿《九章》,兼采《离骚》《渔父》,“祖宗原意”是《九愍》的创作原则,故行文口吻,抒写情感,乃至意象选取,一如屈辞,但一线两点的结构、和而不同的立意、化壮为悲的风格,则又不同于《九章》;体裁源于汉代“九体”,兼采《九歌》,故前后立意连贯,成为完整组诗,但叙述统一,取象连贯,立意本乎屈辞,句式近于骚体,则又不同于汉代“九体”。简言之,因袭“九体”,却又回归屈辞文本,最大限度地真实呈现屈子的精神境界和文体风格;模拟《九章》,却又综辑屈辞,最大限度地在模拟中表现出自己的创造和风格,从而使《九愍》成为“九体”中最为圆熟的作品。比较《九愍》与《九章》及其与汉代“九体”之异同,可从文本、文体两个方面昭示《九愍》的文学史意义。Lu Yun’s“Jiu Min”,with its the content imitating Qu Yuan’s The Nine Chapters,and also adopting elements from“The Lament”and“The Fishman”.“Jiu Min”follows the creative principle of sticking to the purpose of ancestors,thus its writing style,emotion expression and even the use of images all copies Qu Yuan,but the structure of one line and two points,its theme,and the style of turning the tragedy into sadness are different from the The Nine Chapters.Its style is derived from“the Style of Nine”in Han Dynasty,as well as The Nine Songs.Therefore,the theme is coherent,which forms a complete set of poems,but the narrative is unified,the use of image is coherent,and the theme is based on Qu Yuan’s Songs of Chu,and the sentence pattern is close to the style of“The Lament”,thus it is different from the Style of Nine of the Han Dynasty.In short,by adopting the Style of Nine,but being faithful the text of Songs of Chu,Lu Yun maximizes his own spirit and style within the imitation of The Nine Chapters and becomes a mature work among the Style of Nine works.By comparing“Jiu Min”and The Nine Chapters as well as the poem’s similarity and difference with the Style of Nine in Han Dynasty,the paper proves the importance of“Jiu Min”in the literary history from the perspectives of text and style.

关 键 词：陆云 九愍 九章 九体 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]