经颅多普勒在急性脑梗死患者动脉内机械取栓后神经功能预后评估中的应用  

Application of transcranial Doppler in prognosis assessment of nerve function in patients with acute cerebral infarction after intracranial mechanical thrombectomy

作　　者：泮露萍 金皎蕾 黄睿 王婉萍 陈秋月 Pan Luping;Jin Jiaolei;Huang Rui;Wang Wanping;Chen Qiuyue(Department of Neurology,Taizhou Central Hospital(Affiliated Hospital of Taizhou University),Taizhou 318000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]台州市中心医院(台州学院附属医院)神经内科,浙江台州318000

出　　处：《中华危重病急救医学》2020年第7期835-839,共5页Chinese Critical Care Medicine

基　　金：浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2019KY789);浙江省台州市科技计划项目(1902ky33)。

摘　　要：目的探讨经颅多普勒(TCD)在急性脑梗死(ACI)患者动脉内机械取栓后神经功能预后评估中的应用价值。方法回顾分析2018年1月至2019年12月台州市中心医院收治的43例接受动脉内机械取栓后血管再通的急性前循环脑梗死患者的临床资料。电话随访患者术后3个月改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分以评估神经功能预后,0~2分者纳入预后良好组,3~6分者纳入预后不良组。比较两组患者的性别、年龄、既往史、基础疾病、闭塞动脉、动脉粥样硬化性狭窄和桥接治疗情况及发病至血管再通时间,取栓后1 d TCD评估的血流动力学情况,以及取栓前和取栓后1、7、14 d美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分。采用多因素Logistic回归分析筛选ACI患者动脉内机械取栓血管再通后3个月神经功能预后的影响因素;绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),评价TCD对神经功能预后的评估价值。结果43例患者均纳入最终分析,其中预后良好组23例,预后不良组20例。两组患者经动脉内机械取栓均成功实现血管再通,术中未发生取栓相关并发症;但两组术后1 d TCD评估颅内血管仍显示有部分闭塞或完全闭塞,且预后不良组患者颅内血流动力学较预后良好组更差(血流较差:40.0%比0%,血流欠佳:30.0%比17.4%,血流佳:30.0%比82.6%),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。取栓前,两组患者NIHSS评分差异无统计学意义;取栓后,两组患者NIHSS评分均随时间延长逐渐降低,但预后不良组术后14 d NIHSS评分仍明显高于预后良好组(分:10.55±2.93比4.65±1.70,P<0.01)。单因素分析显示,与预后良好组比较,预后不良组合并糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化性狭窄患者比例更高(30.0%比4.3%,45.0%比17.4%,均P<0.05),发病至血管再通时间更长(min:385.9±96.2比294.5±95.1,P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,动脉粥样硬化性狭窄〔优势比(OR)=9.334,95%可信区间(95%CI)为1.092~79.775,P=0.041〕和发病至血管Objective To investigate the application value of transcranial Doppler (TCD) in the prognosis assessment of nerve function in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) after intracranial mechanical thrombectomy.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted. The clinical data of 43 patients with acute anterior circulation cerebral infarction who received intra-arterial mechanical thrombotomy for recanalization admitted to Taizhou Central Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were analyzed. The modified Rankin scale (mRS) score of patients were followed up by telephone at 3 months after surgery to evaluate the prognosis of neurologic outcome. Patients with mRS score 0-2 were enrolled in the good prognosis group, while those with a score of 3-6 were enrolled in the poor prognosis group. The gender, age, past history, underlying diseases, occluded arteries, atherosclerotic stenosis and bridging treatment, time from onset to reperfusion, blood flow dynamics under TCD at 1 day after thrombectomy, and National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) scores before and 1, 7, and 14 days after thrombectomy were compared between the two groups. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the prognostic factors of nerve function at 3 months after mechanical thrombectomy in patients with ACI. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the prognostic value for neurological function assessed by TCD.Results Forty-three patients were enrolled in the final analysis, with 23 patients in the good prognosis group and 20 in the poor prognosis group. The recanalization was successfully achieved in both groups without complications. However, the hemodynamics of intracranial arteries evaluated by TCD 1 day after operation in both groups still showed partial or complete occlusion, and the hemodynamics of patients in the poor prognosis group was worse than that in the good prognosis group (poor blood flow: 40.0% vs. 0%, inadequate blood flow: 30.0% vs. 17.4%, good blood flow: 30.0%

关 键 词：经颅多普勒 脑梗死 动脉内机械取栓 神经功能预后 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]