植物化石角质层分析实验技术总结及探索  

Summary and exploration of analysis experiment technology on fossil plant cuticles

作　　者：王雪莲 熊聪慧 孙柏年 吴靖宇 杜宝霞 WANG Xuelian;XIONG Conghui;SUN Bainian;WU Jingyu;DU Baoxia(School of Earth Sciences&Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,730000)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学地质科学与矿产资源学院,甘肃省西部矿产资源重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《地质学报》2020年第8期2476-2486,共11页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41802008,41972010);中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室开放课题(163117);甘肃省油气资源研究重点实验室开放课题(SZDKFJJ20180505);中央高校基本科研业务费(lzujbky-2018-it19)联合资助成果。

摘　　要：植物化石角质层的微细构造特征是植物化石重要的鉴定和分类依据之一,同时也是获取地质历史时期气候信息的重要途径之一。对保存有角质层的植物化石,如何更好的获取角质层特征,选择合适的实验技术尤为重要。本文采用三种不同的实验方法,即王水+次氯酸钠浸解法,次氯酸钠浸解法以及硝酸浸解法,对地质时期植物化石角质层的获取方法进行了探索性实验研究。实验结果表明,对于砂质泥岩中的植物化石适合用王水+次氯酸钠浸解法进行处理;含煤层或者聚煤期泥岩中的植物化石适合用次氯酸钠浸解法进行处理;灰白色泥岩或者含有硅藻土泥岩中的植物化石适合用硝酸浸解法进行处理。本文采用的三种角质层浸解法在角质层研究方面可根据化石材料的具体情况进行选择,也可同时进行三种方法的尝试进而获得最佳实验效果。该研究总结了不同地质时期植物化石角质层对三种实验方法的反应,为研究植物化石的角质层特征提供更加有效的实验途径。The cuticular features are important for identification and classification of fossil plants, and also helpful in reconstructing palaeoclimate during geological history. It is important to choose the appropriate experimental technology for obtaining better characteristics of cuticle features for the fossil plants with cuticles. In this paper three different methods namely Aqua regia and NaClO maceration method, NaClO maceration method, and HNO3 maceration method were used to obtain cuticles from fossil plants of different geological ages. The results show that the Aqua regia and NaClO maceration method is suitable for the fossil plants in sandy mudstone. The NaClO maceration method is suitable for the fossil plants in mudstone of coal bed or coal-accumulating period, and the HNO3 maceration method is suitable for the fossil plants in gray-white or diatomite mudstone. The three kinds of maceration methods used in this paper can either be selected according to the specific conditions of fossil materials in the study of plant cuticles or all three methods can be tried at the same time to obtain the best experimental results. This study summarizes the effect of three methods on fossil plant cuticles in different geological ages, and aims to provide an effective experimental approach to studying the cuticular features of fossil plants.

关 键 词：植物化石 微细构造 王水+次氯酸钠浸解法 次氯酸钠浸解法 硝酸浸解法 

分 类 号：Q914.2[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]