谈“白衣”的“平民”借代义--兼论《史记·儒林列传》相关用例一则  

The Metonymical Meaning"Civilian"of"Baiyi"

作　　者：陈长旭[1] CHEN Changxu(Media College,Xinyang Normal University,Xinyang 464000,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳师范学院传媒学院,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《信阳师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第5期109-113,共5页Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(17BYY141);信阳师范学院青年骨干教师计划。

摘　　要：“白衣”的“平民”借代义的形成,既有古代平民衣着特征的直接影响,又与官民之间服装颜色的对比关系以及“白”的“无,空白,不具备”引申义具有内在关联。“白衣”的“平民”借代义之所以能够突破汉文化习俗的障碍,广泛运用开来,则与“白衣”在外来佛教文化中“俗家”借代义的泛化影响有关。根据语料检索以及研究分析,我们推测,“白衣”的“平民”借代义的出现时间应该是在汉末时期,《史记·儒林列传》“公孙弘以春秋白衣为天子三公”中的“白衣”较有可能是“自齐”二字在汉末魏晋时期出现的讹误。The metonymical meaning"civilian"of"baiyi(白衣)"may be related to ancient civilian clothing characteristics,and it also has an internal relation with the clothing color contrast between the officials and the civilians,as well as the"blank and empty"meaning of"white".In addition,the reason why the"civilian"meaning of"baiyi"can break through the barriers of Han cultural conventions and be widely used may be related to the inspiration and influence of"secular"meaning of"baiyi"in the foreign buddhist context.According to the statistics and analysis of relevant examples,we speculate that the metonymical meaning"civilian"of"baiyi"appeared in the late Han Dynasty.In the sentence"Gongsun Hong,baiyi,finally reached the official rank of San Gong by studying The Spring and Autumn Annals."(公孙弘以春秋白衣为天子三公)in Rulin Biography of Records of the Historians,it is more likely that the"baiyi"is a kind of mistake of"ziqi(自齊)"which appeared in the late Han Dynasty,Wei and Jin dynasties.

关 键 词：白衣 平民 俗家 借代义 《史记·儒林列传》 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]