变跨度土壤矩形坑对车辆振动的影响探究  

Research of Influence of Variable Span Soil Rectangular Pits on Vehicle Vibration

作　　者：程远盛 李晓勤[1,2] 范非凡 Cheng Yuansheng;Li Xiaoqin;Fan Feifan

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区塔里木大学现代农业工程重点实验室

出　　处：《工程机械》2020年第8期31-37,I0012,共8页Construction Machinery and Equipment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51565052);新疆维吾尔自治区塔里木大学现代农业工程重点实验室开放课题(TDNG20170301)。

摘　　要：为研究土壤软路面形貌对车辆振动特性的影响,搭建单轮车振动试验台架,构造矩形坑模拟犁地后土壤地貌,以获得不同坑形貌对车辆形成振动的频率带范围和振动幅度的分布规律。在测试长度为40 m的土壤试验槽内,设计3个深度等级,7个跨度等级,宽度均为30 cm,共21种类型的矩形坑,以行车为动力带动振动试验台架,采集固定在车轴处的加速度传感器信号,利用Matlab对振动信号进行时频域分析。结果显示,垂直方向振动分量的频率峰值主要集中在2 Hz,水平纵向振动分量的频率峰值主要集中在5 Hz,振动频率峰值点随矩形坑深度和跨度的变化不显著;水平纵向振动分量的频率带范围略高于垂直方向振动分量的频率带范围;振动加速度信号平均功率随着矩形坑跨度的增加而呈线性变化,水平纵向振动分量的平均功率高于垂直方向振动分量的平均功率,应对降低车辆纵向振动加强研究。In order to study the influence of soil soft pavement morphology on vehicle vibration characteristics,a single-wheel vehicle vibration test bench is built,and a rectangular pit is constructed to simulate the soil topography after plowing to obtain the frequency band range and vibration amplitude distribution law of different pit shapes on vehicle vibration.In the soil test tank with a length of 40 m,21 types of rectangular pits with 3 depth levels,7 span levels and 30 cm width are designed.The vibration test bench is driven by the driving vehicle,the signal of acceleration sensor fixed on the axle is collected,and the timefrequency-domain analysis of the vibration signal is carried out by MATLAB.The results show that the frequency peak of the vertical vibration component is mainly at 2 Hz,the frequency peak of the horizontal and longitudinal vibration component is mainly at 5 Hz,and the peak point of vibration frequency does not change significantly with variation of the depth and span of the rectangular pit;the frequency band range of the horizontal and longitudinal vibration component is slightly higher than that of the vertical vibration component;the average power of the vibration acceleration signal changes linearly with the increase of the rectangular pit span,and the average power of the horizontal and longitudinal vibration component is higher than that of the vertical vibration component.It is necessary to strength the research on reducing vehicle longitudinal vibration.

关 键 词：功率谱密度 土壤软路面 振动加速度 平均功率 振动频率 峰值频率 

分 类 号：U461[机械工程—车辆工程]