中国商帮边界划分与文化测度——“和而不同”的商业文化  

Boundary Division and Cultural Measurement of Chinese Business Gangs:“Harmony but Difference”

作　　者：谢永珍[1] 袁菲菲 Xie Yongzhen;Yuan Feifei(School of Management,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学管理学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《外国经济与管理》2020年第9期76-93,共18页Foreign Economics & Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(16AGL008);山东省社科规划重点课题(14BGLJ01);山东省自然基金项目(ZR2019MG019)。

摘　　要：商帮文化影响着帮域内企业的价值信念体系以及治理和管理行为,但文化测度的困难,制约了该领域的量化研究。本文基于萨丕尔—沃尔夫假说,依据语言差异,厘清了晋、徽、鲁、浙、苏南、闽南以及珠三角七大商帮的边界,从政商关系、家族意识、仁爱取向、诚信取向、创新精神和开放精神六个维度构建了评价商帮文化的指标体系。采用二手数据进行的商帮文化评价显示:我国商帮文化呈现典型的“各美其美,美美与共”的特质。“仁爱”在各大商帮呈现趋同性,其他维度则表现各异,体现了商帮文化在演进中对传统文化精髓的弘扬以及现代商业文明的创新。本文对商帮边界的界定以及商帮文化评价指标体系的确定,丰富了区域文化的理论研究,使用二手数据测度商帮文化特质,实现了文化评价的可再现性,为该领域的后续研究以及理解商帮的治理和管理行为提供了重要借鉴。Informal institutions,such as the culture of intermediary organizations—Chinese Business Gangs,have an important impact on the value belief system and governance and management behavior of enterprises in the region.Based on the Sapir-Wolf hypothesis,this paper defines the boundaries of the seven commercial gangs in Shanxi,Huizhou,Shandong,Zhejiang,Southern Jiangsu,Fujian and the Pearl River Delta,and constructs the evaluation index system of the commercial gangs’culture from six dimensions:political and commercial relations,family consciousness,benevolence orientation,honesty orientation,innovative spirit and open spirit.Through the evaluation and comparison of the second-hand data,it is found that the culture of Chinese commercial gangs presents the typical characteristics of“harmony but difference”.Using the second-hand data to measure the cultural characteristics of the commercial group makes the evaluation of the commercial group culture reproducible,and provides a reference basis for quantitative research in related fields.The empirical research presents a high degree of similarity in the“spirit of benevolence”,which reflects the characteristics of“harmony”in the culture of the business gangs,and reveals the profound influence of the highest Confucian moral code“benevolence”on China’s commercial culture.However,there are significant differences in political and commercial relations,family consciousness,honesty orientation,innovative spirit and open spirit.It embodies the promotion of the essence of traditional culture and the cultural innovation of modern commercial civilization in the evolution of business culture.The establishment of the six-dimensional evaluation index system of business culture is beneficial to interpreting the mechanism of business culture on governance and management behavior from multiple dimensions.In the end,this paper also points out the application of the culture of business gangs in the study of cross-level regulation in the fields of entrepreneurship,board

关 键 词：商帮文化 萨丕尔—沃尔夫假说 文化评价 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]