贵州高原草甸冬季放牧山羊的主要采食植物种类及营养价值  

Main Feeding Herbage Species and Nutritional Value of Grazing Goats in Guizhou Plateau Meadows in Winter

作　　者：翁吉梅 王文彦 陈浩林 毛凤显 罗卫星[4] 宫伟 邓蓉 朱冠群 刘嘉 WENG Jimei;WANG Wenyan;CHEN Haolin;MAO Fengxian;LUO Weixing;GONG Wei;DENG Rong;ZHU Guanqun;LIU Jia(Guizhou Animal and Poultry Genetic Resources Management Station,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guiding Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau,Guiding,Guizhou 551300;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Weining Livestock and Poultry Breed Improvement Station,Weining,Guizhou 553100,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省畜禽遗传资源管理站,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省贵定县农业农村局,贵州贵定551300 [3]贵州省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,贵州贵阳550025 [4]贵州大学,贵州贵阳550025 [5]贵州省威宁县畜禽品种改良站,贵州威宁553100

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2020年第8期68-72,共5页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“山羊高效安全养殖技术应用与示范”(2018YFD0502000);国家肉羊产业体系贵阳综合试验站(2016-2020);贵州省科技成果转化项目“提高贵州黑山羊养殖效益的成果应用及推广”[黔科合成果(2019)4297]。

摘　　要：为贵州高原草甸冬季放牧山羊营养研究和科学补饲提供参考依据,对贵州高原草甸冬季放牧山羊主要采食植物种类及其营养成分进行测定,采用灰度理论综合分析法分析评价山羊主要采食植物的营养价值。结果表明:冬季山羊采食植物种类为33种,主要采食植物有白三叶、光叶紫花苕、平枝栒子、扁核木、小果蔷薇、覆盆子叶、一年蓬、大籽蒿、千里光、细柄草、鸭茅、繁缕、马桑及密蒙花等14种;营养价值相对较高的植物有野油菜、萝卜菜、光叶紫花苕、羊奶子、鸭茅、大籽蒿、马桑、白三叶、一年蓬、野棉花、繁缕、牛奶子、扁核木、大橿子树叶、千里光、鸡树条、无刺橿子树叶和密蒙花。贵州高原草甸冬季山羊采食的牧草种类丰富,营养价值较高,可适度放牧利用。In order to provide references for the nutritional research and scientific supplementary feeding of grazing goats in winter in Guizhou plateau meadow,the main grazing herbage types and their nutritional components were determined and compared,and the nutritional value of goat’s main feeding plants was analyzed by using gray-scale comprehensive analysis method.Results:33 types of feeding herbage species for grazing goats were found,including Trifolium repens,Vicia villosa,Cotoneaster horizontalis,Prinsepia utilis,Rosa cymose,Rubus chingii,Erigeron annuus,Artemisia sieversiana,Senecio scandens,Capillipedium parviflorum,Dactylis glomerate,Stellaria media,Coriaria nepalensis,Buddleja officinalis.The following plant species were of relatively high nutritional value,including Brassica juncea,Raphanus sativus,V.villosa,Elaeagnus pungens,D.glomerate,A.sieversiana,C.nepalensis,T.repens,E.annuus,Anemone vitifolia,S.media,Elaeagnus umbellate,P.utilis,Quercus baronii,S.scandens,Viburnum opulus,thornless leaves,and B.officinalis.There are rich types of forage grass with high nutritional value,and can be used for moderate grazing in Guizhou plateau meadows in winter.

关 键 词：山羊 高原草甸 冬季放牧 采食植物 营养价值 

分 类 号：S431.14[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]