辽河流域生态需水量计算及水资源分配研究  

作　　者：曾祥玲 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省生态环境保护科技中心,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《环境保护与循环经济》2020年第7期56-60,共5页environmental protection and circular economy

基　　金：“十二五”国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07508-001)。

摘　　要：河流的生态需水量是维持河流自然生态结构和功能的最低水量,具有空间性和时效性。辽河流域一直面临着河道断流、泥沙淤积、地表水污染等问题,针对以上问题,将辽河流域生态需水量分为河流基本生态需水量、河流稀释自净需水量、输沙需水量和蒸发需水量。通过对干流重要水文站进行分区,计算得出辽河、浑河及太子河干流各水文站在75%保证率下的生态环境需水量。计算结果表明,在天然径流条件下,各水文站基本都能满足生态需水量的要求,还有部分剩余水量。辽河、浑河及太子河干流各水文站年生态需水量占年径流量的最大值分别约为27%,49%,63%,在进行水资源规划时,通过合理的水资源优化配置保证流域水生态系统健康。The ecological water demand by the river system is the least water which maintains the natural ecological structure and function of river,having the characteristics of spatially and the timely evolution. The Liaohe river basin has been faced with the problems of river breaking,siltation,surface water pollution,etc. Starting from the environmental problems existing in the Liaohe River,the ecological water demand of the main stream of Liaohe River is classified as the ecological basic flows,the water demand for self purification,water demand for sediment transport and water consumption in evaporation. Through zoning important hydrological stations on the main stream,calculate the ecological environment water demand of each hydrologic station on the main streams of Liaohe River,Hun River and Taizi River under 75% guarantee rate. The results show that under the natural runoff conditions,the hydrological station can basically meet the requirements of ecological water demand,and there is some remaining water. The maximum annual ecological water demand of each station of the Liaohe River,Hun River and Taizi River account for 27%,49% and 63% of annual runoff. The ratio of ecological water requirement and annual average runoff of each hydrological station can be used to optimize the allocation of water resources in various hydrological stations so as to ensure the water ecosystem health of the river basin.

关 键 词：生态需水量 水资源优化配置 辽河 浑河 太子河 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]