死亡凸显对自我姓名注意瞬脱对抗效应的影响  

The Influence of Mortality Salience on Self-name Attention Blink Sparing Effect

作　　者：沈洋 袁文颖 赵小淋 姜珂 彭茂莹 陈禹 杨娟[1,2] SHEN Yang;YUAN Wenying;ZHAO Xiaolin;JIANG Ke;PENG Maoying;CHEN Yu;YANG Juan(Department of Psychology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715;Key Laboratory of CognUm and Personality,Ministry of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715)

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学部,重庆400715 [2]教育部认知与人格重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2020年第5期520-527,共8页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31971019);国家自然科学基金(31671123);重庆市基础与前沿课题(cstc2019jcyjmsxm X0016);重庆市社科规划项目(2019YBSH088)。

摘　　要：已有研究表明死亡凸显会抑制自我面孔和自我参照记忆加工的自我优势,可是死亡凸显对自我姓名的影响尚不明确,本研究采用事件相关电位技术,探索死亡凸显对自我姓名注意瞬脱对抗效应及其大脑神经活动的影响。58名被试在经历不同的启动任务后,完成自我姓名、朋友姓名和名人姓名的注意瞬脱任务。行为结果发现自我姓名识别正确率显著高于朋友姓名和名人姓名,表现出稳定的自我姓名加工的注意瞬脱对抗效应;电生理数据发现死亡启动后自我姓名诱发的P300波幅显著低于消极启动组和中性启动组,而朋友姓名和名人姓名并不受启动的影响。本研究结果与以往研究结果共同表明死亡想法凸显会使个体将抑制自我加工(自我姓名、自我面孔和自我参照记忆)作为应对远端死亡焦虑的一种手段。Terror management theory has suggested that increased attention on self may therefor increase individual’s concern with their own death.In order to cope with the death anxiety,people will tend to avoid self-awareness.Recent researches have repeatedly shown that reminders of mortality impaired self-referential processing and selfface processing.As a kind of symbolized self,self-name is special in emotional value and psychological meaning.The current work investigated whether reminders of mortality motivated avoidance of self-name processing.In the experiment,58 college students were randomly assigned to one of the three priming conditions(priming:mortality salience priming vs.negative priming vs.neutral priming).participants in the mortality salience condition wrote responses to two open ended questions:‘Please briefly describe the emotions that the thought of your own death arouses in you’,and‘Jot down,as specifically as you can,what you think will happen to you as you physically die and once you are physically dead.In the neutral condition participants responded to parallel questions focused on move:‘Please briefly describe the emotions that the thought of your move arouses in you’,and‘Jot down,as specifically as you can,what you think will happen to you as you physically move and once you are physically move,and in the negative condition participants focused on toothache:‘Please briefly describe the emotions that the thought of your own toothache arouses in you’,and‘Jot down,as specifically as you can,what you think will happen to you as you physically toothache and once you are physically toothache..After that,they were asked to perform 40 calculations.In rapid series of visual presentation(RSVP)task,each trial consisted of a first target(T1,left arrow or right arrow)and a second target(T2,a celebrity’s name or a friend’s name or one’s own name or black)embedded of 20 common nouns.Each subject was instructed to press the"F"key(T1:left;T2:male),"J"key(T1:right;T2:female)and"L"key if T2

关 键 词：死亡凸显 恐惧管理理论 自我姓名 注意瞬脱 事件相关电位(ERP) 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]