留学要素与西北农学教师群体研究(1937-1949)  

The Study on the Elements of Studying Abroad of Northwest Agriculture Group(1937—1949)

作　　者：王哲[1] 姚远[2] WANG Zhe;YAO Yuan(Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学科学史高等研究院,西安710127 [2]西北大学西北联大与大学文化研究院,西安710127

出　　处：《中国科技史杂志》2020年第2期181-191,共11页The Chinese Journal for the History of Science and Technology

基　　金：西安市社科规划基金青年项目“西安地区高等教育发展中的三次西迁及其爱国主义精神研究”(项目编号:ZX114);陕西省社会科学基金项目“大学西迁与陕西科教文化发展研究”(项目编号:2018H09)。

摘　　要：基于科技的发展依赖于个体及由他们组成的群体具体实施,对西北农学教师群体的留学背景做了历史考察与分析。文献调研和统计分析结果表明:西北留学教师群体,主要任职于西北联大的后继院校国立西北农学院,1937年—1949年间共聘请教授162名,其中93人具有赴欧、美、日等国的留学背景,占总数的52%。结论认为,留学要素对学科发展产生积极影响,多数学科受欧美尤其美国影响,但园艺学受日本影响;攻读专业与农业化学、农艺学有高关联度。留学教师群体围绕"科教推"模式展开工作,构建西北农学教育体系,改良西北农业,并形成了融汇世界,植根本土的群体特征。As the development of science and technology depends on individuals and the groups composed of them,this paper makes historical investigation and analysis on the background of studying abroad of northwestern agronomy teachers.The result of literature research and statistical analysis shows that:the group of oversea education teachers in northwest China mainly worked in the National Northwest Agricultural College,which was the successor institution of Northwest United University.From 1937 to 1949,162 professors were employed,in which 93 had the background of studying abroad in Europe,America and Japan,accounting for 52% of the total.The conclusion is that the factors of studying abroad had a positive influence on the development of disciplines,most of which were influenced by Europe and the United States,but horticulture was influenced by Japan.The major was closely related to agricultural chemistry and agronomy.They worked around the model of researching,teaching and promoting,established agricultural education system,improved agricultural in Northwest China,and formed the group characteristics of integrating with the world and taking root in local areas.

关 键 词：国立西北农学院 教师群体 留学背景 农学教育 科学贡献 

分 类 号：N092[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] S-09[农业科学]