济宁社区退休人员抑郁状况及相关因素分析  

Analysis of depression and its influencing factors of retirees in communities in Jining city

作　　者：曾晓立 李晶[2] 李英娥[2] ZENG Xiaoli;LI Jing;LI Yinge(Collaborative Innovation Center for Birth Defect Research and Transformation of Shandong Province;School of Public Health,Jining Medical University,Jining 272000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省出生缺陷研究与转化协同创新中心 [2]济宁医学院公共卫生学院,济宁272000

出　　处：《济宁医学院学报》2020年第4期267-270,共4页Journal of Jining Medical University

摘　　要：目的探讨社区退休人员体育活动、社会支持、生活质量与抑郁情绪的关系。方法采用整群抽样方法抽取城市社区60岁及以上退休人员482名,使用自行设计调查表、WHO生活质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)及zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)等进行面对面调查。结果抑郁情绪总检出率为54.4%,以轻度抑郁为主,中、重度抑郁仅占8.3%。不同职业、月收入的抑郁得分比较差别有统计学意义(P<0.05);随着抑郁程度的加重,生活质量、社会支持、体育运动分值有降低趋势;多元线性逐步回归分析显示,进入回归方程的影响因素为:生理领域、环境领域、月收入、体育评分、主观支持、客观支持。结论社区退休人员抑郁状况与生活质量中的生理领域、环境领域,月收入,体育活动,社会支持的主观支持、客观支持关系密切。应加强家庭、社区、社会三方面协同,维持良好的情绪体验和生理状态,减轻抑郁情绪发生。Objective To explore the relationship between sports activities,social support,quality of life and depression among the retirees living in urban area.Methods A total of 482 retirees in urban communities,aged 60 and above,were selected by cluster sampling method,and face-to-face surveys were conducted using self-designed questionnaires,the brief version of World Health Organization Quality of Life(WHOQOL-BREF)and the Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS).Results The total detection rate(DR)of depression was 54.4%,mainly mild depression,and only 8.3%of moderate to severe depression was detected.There was a statistically significant difference in the DR between occupation and monthly income(P<0.05).With the increasing degree of depression,the quality of life,social support,and sports scores were decreased.Multiple Stepwise Linear Regression analysis showed that the influencing factors were:physiological field,environmental field,monthly income,sports scores,subjective support and objective support.Conclusion Depression in the retirees is closely related to the physiological and environmental factors,monthly income,sports activities and both subjective and objective social support.Family-community-society collaboration should be strengthened to maintain their good emotional experience and physiological state and reduce depression.

关 键 词：社区退休人员 抑郁情绪 体育活动 社会支持 生活质量 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]